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Pädiatrie up2date 2016; 11(04): 387-405
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-112174
Neuropädiatrie/Psychiatrie
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Autoimmune Neuropathien im Kindes- und Jugendalter

Regina Trollmann
,
Oliver Rompel
,
Ralf Linker
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
13. Dezember 2016 (online)

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Fazit

  • Klinisch sind unter den genannten akuten und chronischen immunvermittelten Neuropathien im Kindes- und Jugendalter differenzialdiagnostisch vor allem das GBS und seine Varianten und die CIDP von Bedeutung.

  • Autoimmune Neuropathien im Kindes- und Jugendalter stellen eine diagnostische und therapeutische Herausforderung dar. Umfassende kontrollierte Studien sowohl zur Signifikanz der zur Verfügung stehenden Biomarker als auch zur Effizienz der Immuntherapien fehlen.

  • Zunehmend werden Antigene der nodalen, paranodalen und juxtanodalen Strukturen als pathogenetisch relevante Faktoren charakterisiert, deren Nachweis auch die individuelle Risikostratifizierung und Therapieplanung beeinflusst.

  • Ein breites Spektrum wichtiger Differenzialdiagnosen aus dem Bereich maligner, infektiöser, metabolischer, vaskulärer, neuromuskulärer und genetischer Erkrankungen ist insbesondere in Hinblick auf therapeutische Konsequenzen zu bedenken.

  • Prospektive, kontrollierte Studien mit besonderem Fokus auf effiziente Therapieoptionen im Kindesalter sind erforderlich.

 

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