Nichtkoronare Notfallinterventionen

Abstract

Minimal invasive catheter guided procedures are rapidly increasing. Most recently, new techniques for valve replacement (e. g. transcatheter aortic valve implantation, TAVI) and valve repair (e. g. Mitralclip and others) have been introduced. Other procedures are the closure of left atrial appendage, closure devices for shunts, procedures of the aorta and peripheral vessels. Emergent situations can occur in all interventions which require a safe and definite solution. On the other hand minimal invasive procedure can be used in an emergent situation which occurs primarily. These are balloon aortic valvuloplasty in cardiac decompensation, pericardial effluent and tamponade, acute aortic syndrome, acute lung embolism, peripheral vessel damage, percutaneous circulatory support devices, retrival of devices lost in the heart and circulatory system. We give here a survey on the available approaches for non-coronary emergencies.

• Literatur

• 1 AQUA. Institut für angewandte Qualitätsförderung und Forschung im Gesundheitswesen GmbH: Qualitätsreport 2014. Im Internet: www.aqua-institut.de Stand: 3.5.2016
• 2 Eggebrecht H, Schmermund A, Kahlert P et al. Emergent cardiac surgery during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI): a weighted meta-analysis of 9,251 patients from 46 studies. EuroIntervention 2013; 8: 1072-1080
• 3 Cribier A, Savin T, Berland T et al. Percutaneous transluminal valvuloplasty in acquired aortic stenosis in elderly patients: An alternative to valve replacement?. Lancet 1986; 1: 63-67
• 4 Sack S, Naber C, Kahlert P et al. Percutaneous heart valve implantation in the aortic position. Herz 2005; 30: 433-437
• 5 Agarwal A, Kini AS, Attani S et al. Results of repeat balloon valvuloplasty for treatment of aortic stenosis in patients aged 59 to 104 years. Am J Cardiol 2005; 95: 43-47
• 6 Grube E, Laborde JC, Gerckens U et al. Percutaneous implantation of CoreValve self-expanding valve prosthesis in high-risk patients with aortic valve disease. Circulation 2006; 114: 1616-1624
• 7 Saia F, Marrozzini C, Ciuca C et al. Emerging indications, in-hospital and long-term outcome of balloon aortic valvuloplasty in the transcatheter aortic valve implantation era. EuroIntervention 2013; 8: 1388-1397
• 8 Klein A, Lee K, Gera A et al. Long-term mortality, cause of death, and temporal trends in complications after percutaneous aortic balloon valvuloplastyfor calcific aortic stenosis. J Interv Cardiol 2006; 19: 269-275
• 9 Saia F, Marrozini C, Ciuca C et al. Is balloon aortic valvuloplasty safe in patients with significant aortic regurgitation?. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2012; 79: 315-321
• 10 Schaefer U, Conradi L, Seiffert M et al. Valve-in-Valve procedures in failing biological Xenografts Using a Novel Balloon-Expandable Device: Experience in Aortic, Mitral, and Tricuspid Positions. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; [Epub ahead of print]
• 11 Adler Y, Charron P, Imazio M et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pericardial diseases: The Task Force for the diagnosis and management of pericardial diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) endorsed by: The European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Suregry (EACTS). Eur Heart J 2015; 36: 2921-2964
• 12 Maggiolini S, Gentile G, Farina A et al. Safety, efficacy, and complications of pericardiocentesis by real-time echo-monitored procedure. Am J Cardiol 2016; 117: 1369-1374
• 13 Tsang TS, Enriquez-Sarano M, Freeman WK et al. Consecutive 1127 therapeutic echocardiographically guided pericardiocentesis: clinical profile, practice patterns, and outcomes spanning 21 years. Mayo Clin Proc 2002; 77: 429-436
• 14 Konstantinidis SV, Torbicki A, Agnelli G et al. 2014 ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism. Eur Heart J 2014; 35: 3033-3073
• 15 Hiratzka LF, Bakris GL, Beckman JA et al. 2010 ACCF/AHA/AATS/ACR/ASA/SCA/SCAI/SIR/STS/SVM Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with thoracic aortic disease. A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Radiology,American Stroke Association, Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, Society of Thoracic Surgeons,and Society for Vascular Medicine. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55: e27-e129
• 16 Erbel R, Aboyans V, Boileau C et al. 2014 ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of aortic diseases: Document covering acute and chronic aortic diseases of the thoracic and abdominal aorta of the adult. The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Aortic Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2014; 35: 2873-2926
• 17 Nienaber CA, Powell JT. Management of acute aortic syndromes. Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 26-35b
• 18 Hagan PG, Nienaber CA, Isselbacher EM et al. The International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (IRAD): new insights into an old disease. JAMA 2000; 283: 897-903
• 19 Parker JD, Golledge J. Outcome of endovascular treatment of acute type B aortic dissection. Ann Thorac Surg 2008; 86: 1707-1712
• 20 Kiemeneij F, Laarman GJ, Odekerken D et al. A randomized comparison of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty by the radial, brachial and femoral approaches: the access study. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997; 29: 1269-1275
• 21 Basche S, Eger C, Aschenbach R. Transbrachial angiography: an effective and safe approach. VASA Zeitschrift fur Gefasskrankheiten 2004; 33: 231-234
• 22 Schumann R, Rieger J, Ludwig M. Acute peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Medizinische Klinik 2007; 102: 457-471; quiz 72–73
• 23 Halter G, Orend KH, Sunder-Plassmann L. Clinical pathways -- intervention or surgery for acute ischemia of the extremities. Der Chirurg 2003; 74: 1118-1127
• 24 Hoch JR, Tullis MJ, Acher CW et al. Thrombolysis versus surgery as the initial management for native artery occlusion: efficacy, safety, and cost. Surgery 1994; 116: 649-656; discussion 56–57
• 25 Nelson PR, Powell RJ, Schermerhorn ML et al. Early results of external iliac artery stenting combined with common femoral artery endarterectomy. J Vasc Surg 2002; 35: 1107-1113
• 26 Peura JL, Colvin-Adams M, Francis GS et al. Recommendations for the use of mechanical circulatory support: device strategies and patient selection: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2012; 126: 2648-2667
• 27 Pilarczyk K, Bauer A, Boening A et al. S3-Guideline: Recommendations for intra-aortic balloon pumping in cardiac surgery. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 63 (Suppl. 02) 131-196
• 28 Thiele H, Zeymer U, Neumann FJ et al. Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (IABP-SHOCK II): final 12 month results of a randomised, open-label trial. Lancet 2013; 382: 1638-1645
• 29 Steg PG, James SK, Atar D et al. ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation. Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 2569-2619
• 30 Roffi M, Patrono C, Collet JP et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: Task Force for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients Presenting without Persistent ST-Segment Elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 267-315
• 31 Seyfarth M, Sibbing D, Bauer I et al. A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a percutaneous left ventricular assist device versus intra-aortic balloon pumping for treatment of cardiogenic shock caused by myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 52: 1584-1588
• 32 O'Neill WW, Kleiman NS, Moses J et al. A prospective, randomized clinical trial of hemodynamic support with Impella 2. 5 versus intra-aortic balloon pump in patients undergoing high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention: the PROTECT II study. Circulation 2012; 126: 1717-1727
• 33 Hess OM, Simon RWR (Hrsg.) Herzkatheter: Einsatz in Diagnostik und Therapie. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 2000
• 34 Koseoglu K, Parildar M, Oran I et al. Retrieval of intravascular foreign bodies with goose neck snare. Eur J Radiol 2004; 49: 281-285
• 35 Ayx I, Goessmann H, Hubauer H et al. Interventional Removal of Intravascular Medical Devices: Methods and Technical Success. RoFo 2016; Epub Apr 19