Vaskuläres Parkinson-Syndrom (= Parkinsonismus bei vaskulärer Enzephalopathie)

Zusammenfassung

Ein Parkinson-Syndrom kann sich im Zusammenhang mit einer zerebralen Mikroangiopathie entwickeln. In den meisten Fällen sind axonale Projektionen des Frontalhirns beeinträchtigt und führen zum klinischen Bild des vaskulären Parkinson-Syndroms. Neben einer charakteristischen Gangstörung sind eine Dranginkontinenz und eine Störung frontal exekutiver Funktionen typische Befunde. Vergleichbare Symptome treten auch im Rahmen der vaskulären Demenz auf. Dieser Artikel fasst die Klinik des vaskulären Parkinson-Syndroms zusammen und zeigt aktuelle Therapieansätze auf. Darüber hinaus werden der diagnostische Beitrag der zerebralen Bildgebung und die pathologischen Befunde beim vaskulären Parkinson-Syndrom diskutiert.

Abstract

Parkinsonism may result from cerebral vascular disorders that feature white matter lesions and small vessel pathology. Vascular Parkinsonism typically presents as lower body Parkinsonism with predominant gait impairment. Urinary incontinence and cognitive decline are additional features of the disease. There is a considerable overlap between vascular Parkinsonism and vascular dementia. We review the clinical characteristics of vascular Parkinsonism and discuss the current treatment approaches, as well as the role of brain imaging for the diagnostic workup. 

Schlüsselwörter

vaskuläres Parkinson-Syndrom - vaskuläre Demenz - subkortikale arteriosklerotische Enzephalopathie - lower body Parkinsonism - frontale Gangstörung

Key words

vascular parkinsonism - vascular dementia - subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (SAE) - lower body parkinsonism - frontal lobe gait

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