Download PDF
CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2022; 16(02): 241-250
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1732950
Review Article

The Law of Minimum Vertical Dimension: Evidence for Improvement of Dental Occlusion

Silvana Silveira
1   Functional Jaw Orthopedics, Cascais, Portugal
,
Patricia Valerio
2   Patricia Valério Institute, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
,
Almiro J. Machado Júnior
3   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
› Further Information
Also available at
   Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

The law of minimum vertical dimension (MVD) states that “when the mandible moves to reach the maximum intercuspal position, this always involves bringing the mandible and maxilla as close together as possible.” Therefore, after the first occlusal contact is made, the MIP will be reached through reduction of the vertical dimension. Our objective of this study, through an integrative review of the literature review, was to determine whether ignoring this law is a factor that contributes to malocclusion, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, and recurrences of functional orthodontic and orthopedic treatments.We conducted a search of the literature in five of the main electronic scientific databases. The following medical subject heading terms were used in our search: centric relation, dental occlusion, malocclusion, vertical dimension, and mastication. We cross-referenced the descriptors in the following four groups: centric relation and maximum intercuspation; occlusal plane and malocclusion; neuro-occlusal rehabilitation; and vertical dimension and unilateral chewing. From this, we selected 277 potentially eligible articles. Out of these, 209 were excluded in accordance with the exclusion criteria already described. Thus, 65 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis.The articles were also classified according to their impact factor and degree of recommendation, in conformity with the table of the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. The scientific interest in the scope of the articles was also assessed by using three charts developed according to year and country of publication and the percentage of publication. Unilateral chewing creates a vicious cycle of damage that leads to an ever-increasing masticatory deficiency. Most of the articles chosen for this review confirmed that noncompliance with law of MVD was a predisposing factor in cases of relapse, in functional orthodontic and orthopedic treatments, as well as a causal factor in malocclusion and in functional and morphological TMJ dysfunctions.

Keywords

centric relation - maximum intercuspation - occlusal plane - malocclusion - neuro-occlusal rehabilitation - vertical dimension - unilateral chewing


Publication History

Article published online:
21 October 2021

© 2021. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India

 

  • References

  • 1 Emborg EE. What is functional orthopedics today? Rev Asoc Argent Ortop Funcional Maxilares 2002; 33 (01) 9-25
  • 2 Valério P. Ortopedia funcional dos maxilares. OFM: evidências científicas e empíricas. Revista APCD 2019; 73 (02) 102-105 . Accessed January 27, 2021 at: http://aofm.com.br/Files/Other/Articles/PDF_Revista_da_APCD_73_2_Abr_Mai_Jun_2019_Tamanho_Reduzido.pdf
    Google Scholar
  • 3 Planas P. “Reabilitação Neuroclusal.” Rio de Janeiro: Medsi 1988: 18-21
  • 4 De Salvador-Planas C. Semiology of mastication. Rev Orthop Dento Faciale 2001; 35 (03) 319-336
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Dos Santos RR, Isper Garbin AJ, Saliba Garbin CA. Early correction of malocclusion using planas direct tracks. Case Rep Dent 2013; 2013: 395784
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Canalda C. Acquired dominant unilateral mastication syndrome. Rev Orthop Dento Faciale 2002; 36 (01) 53-73
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Oliveira MF, Araújo Karen P, Araújo Karine P, Buelau MI, Buelau PJ. Neuro-occlusal rehabilitation in pediatric dental patient with unilateral posterior crossbite – clinical case report. Rev Fac Odontol 2019; 24 (01) 31-37
    Google Scholar
  • 8 Limme M. Interception in the primary dentition: mastication and neuro-occlusal rehabilitation. Orthod Fr 2006; 77 (01) 113-135
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Silveira S, Simões WA, Macedo FJM, Valério P. The increased prevalence of malocclusion in modern humans: an integrative review EC Dental Science 2018; 17 (12) 2097-2107
  • 10 Bor-un CM, Rusu LC. Recording of mastication angles by Planas's laws. Stoma Edu J 2014; 1 (02) 86-91 . Available at: https://www.stomaeduj.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Recording-mastication-angles-by-planas-laws1.pdf. Accessed January 27, 2021
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Camargo MA, Santana AC, De Cara AA. et al. Lado preferido da mastigação. Acaso ou oclusão?. Revista de Odontologia da Universidade Cidade de São Paulo 2008; 20 (01) 82-86 . Available at: http://publicacoes.unicid.edu.br/index.php/revistadaodontologia/article/view/612. Accessed January 27, 2021
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Gianoni-Capenakas S, Vich ML, Pereira CP, Silveira V. Unilateral vicious mastication - the importance and resolution: a case report. Journal of Research in Dentistry 2018; 6 (06) 132-137
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Lila-Krasniqi ZD, Shala KS, Pustina-Krasniqi T, Bicaj T, Dula LJ, Guguvčevski L. Differences between centric relation and maximum intercuspation as possible cause for development of temporomandibular disorder analyzed with T-scan III. Eur J Dent 2015; 9 (04) 573-579
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Silveira S, Valério P. Construction of Planas direct tracks by the indirect method with the Willis Compass. EC Dental Science 2019; 18 (07) 1453-1478 . Accessed January 5, 2021 at: https://www.ecronicon.com/ecde/pdf/ECDE-18-01070.pdf
    Google Scholar
  • 15 Bai D, Han X. [Occlusion, mandibular position and orthodontic treatment] West China J Stomatol 2013; 31 (04) 331-340
    PubMed
  • 16 Abuabara A, Faria C. Treatment of deep bite with bite plate: a case report. RSBO 2007; 4 (02) 61-64
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Ishizaki K, Suzuki K, Mito T, Tanaka EM, Sato S. Morphologic, functional, and occlusal characterization of mandibular lateral displacement malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010; 137 (04) 454.e1-454.e9 , discussion 454–455
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Lim WH, Choi B, Lee JY, Ahn SJ. Dentofacial characteristics in orthodontic patients with centric relation-maximum intercuspation discrepancy. Angle Orthod 2014; 84 (06) 939-945
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Lin H, Zhu P, Lin Y. et al. Mandibular asymmetry: a three-dimensional quantification of bilateral condyles. Head Face Med 2013; 9 (01) 42
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Miyawaki S, Tanimoto Y, Araki Y, Katayama A, Kuboki T, Takano-Yamamoto T. Movement of the lateral and medial poles of the working condyle during mastication in patients with unilateral posterior crossbite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2004; 126 (05) 549-554
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Parreiras Ferreira R, Isaias Seraidarian P, Santos Silveira G, Campolina Rebello Horta M, Martin Palomo J, Andrade Jr I. How a discrepancy between centric relation and maximum intercuspation alters cephalometric and condylar measurements. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2020; 41 (04) e1-e6
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Deshpande KJ, Toshniwal NG, Mote NR. Efficacy of planas direct tracks for early treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion–a clinical and cephalometric study. Int J Orthod Milwaukee 2013; 24 (02) 21-28
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Flores-Orozco EI, Rovira-Lastra B, Willaert E, Peraire M, Martinez-Gomis J. Relationship between jaw movement and masticatory performance in adults with natural dentition. Acta Odontol Scand 2016; 74 (02) 103-107
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Farias Gomes SG, Custodio W, Moura Jufer JS, Del Bel Cury AA, Rodrigues Garcia RC. Correlation of mastication and masticatory movements and effect of chewing side preference. Braz Dent J 2010; 21 (04) 351-355
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Gomes SGF, Custodio W, Faot F, Cury AA, Garcia RC. Chewing side, bite force symmetry, and occlusal contact area of subjects with different facial vertical patterns. Braz Oral Res 2011; 25 (05) 446-452
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Haralur SB, Majeed MI, Chaturvedi S, Alqahtani NM, Alfarsi M. Association between preferred chewing side and dynamic occlusal parameters. J Int Med Res 2019; 47 (05) 1908-1915
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 He H, Fu M. Analysis of the mandibular position in malocclusion patients. Chin J Dent Res 2000; 3 (01) 34-39
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Bittar KCB, Valério P, Macedo FJM, Manicardi NA. Ortopedia Funcional dos Maxilares – OFM: evidências científicas e empíricas. Rev Assoc Paul Cir Dent 2019; 73 (02) 149-154 . Accessed January 27 at: http://aofm.com.br/Files/Other/Articles/PDF_Revista_da_APCD_73_2_Abr_Mai_Jun_2019_Tamanho_Reduzido.pdf
    Google Scholar
  • 29 Rossi LB, Marchese CC, Marchese MP, Neto DFL, Lunardi N. Planas functional masticatory angle and orthodontic treatment finishing. Journal of the Lins Dentistry School 2015; 25 (01) 67-77
    Google Scholar
  • 30 Sever E, Marion L, Ovsenik M. Relationship between masticatory cycle morphology and unilateral crossbite in the primary dentition. Eur J Orthod 2011; 33 (06) 620-627
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Raymond JL, Kolf J. The class II subdivision or acquired unilaterally dominant mastication syndrome. Orthod Fr 2006; 77 (04) 431-437
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Tanaka EM, Sato S. Longitudinal alteration of the occlusal plane and development of different dentoskeletal frames during growth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008; 134 (05) 602.e1-602.e11 discussion 602–603
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Wang M, Mehta N. A possible biomechanical role of occlusal cusp-fossa contact relationships. J Oral Rehabil 2013; 40 (01) 69-79
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Campbell S, Goldstein G. Angle's classification-a prosthodontic consideration: best evidence consensus statement. J Prosthodont 2021; 30 (S1) 67-71
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Darqué F, el Amrani-Darqué K, Laluque JF, Brocard D, Saulue P. Occlusal aspects of asymmetry. Orthod Fr 2002; 73 (02) 199-214
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Wang YJ, Chen S, Shi AT, Wu Y, Deng X. [The relationship between centric relation-maximum intercuspation disharmony and temporomandibular dysfunction in class II patients]. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2013; 44 (02) 231-236
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Coro JC, Velasquez RL, Coro IM, Wheeler TT, McGorray SP, Sato S. Relationship of maxillary 3-dimensional posterior occlusal plane to mandibular spatial position and morphology. (published correction appears in Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2017 Feb;151(2):238) Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016; 150 (01) 140-152
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Li JL, Kau C, Wang M. Changes of occlusal plane inclination after orthodontic treatment in different dentoskeletal frames. Prog Orthod 2014; 15 (01) 41
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Uesugi S, Yonemitsu I, Kokai S, Takei M, Omura S, Ono T. Features in subjects with the frontal occlusal plane inclined toward the contralateral side of the mandibular deviation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016; 149 (01) 46-54
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Velásquez RL, Coro JC, Londoño A, McGorray SP, Wheeler TT, Sato S. Three-dimensional morphological characterization of malocclusions with mandibular lateral displacement using cone-beam computed tomography. Cranio 2018; 36 (03) 143-155
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Yáñez-Vico RM, Iglesias-Linares A, Torres-Lagares D, Gutiérrez-Pérez JL, Solano-Reina E. Association between craniofacial asymmetry and unilateral temporomandibular joint sounds in adult patients using 3D-computed tomography. Oral Dis 2013; 19 (04) 406-414
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Silva BP, Tortora SC, Stanley K, Mahn G, Coachman C, Mahn E. Layperson's preference of the transverse occlusal plane in asymmetric facial model. J Esthet Restor Dent 2019; 31 (06) 620-626
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 43 He SS, Deng X, Wamalwa P, Chen S. Correlation between centric relation–maximum intercuspation discrepancy and temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Acta Odontol Scand 2010; 68 (06) 368-376
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 44 Tung MT, Makaremi M, Brondeau F. Neuromuscular environment and stability of maxillary expansion. Rev Orthop Dento Faciale 2017; 51 (03) 399-412
    Google Scholar
  • 45 Čelar A, Gahleitner A, Lettner S, Freudenthaler J. Estimated functional space of centric condyle positions in temporomandibular joints of asymptomatic individuals using MRI. Sci Rep 2019; 9 (01) 15599
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 46 Neto GP, Puppin-Rontani RM, Garcia RC. Changes in the masticatory cycle after treatment of posterior crossbite in children aged 4 to 5 years. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2007; 131 (04) 464-472
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 47 Martín C, Alarcón JA, Palma JC. Kinesiographic study of the mandible in young patients with unilateral posterior crossbite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2000; 118 (05) 541-548
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 48 Chibinski AC, Czlusniak GD. Evaluation of treatment for functional posterior crossbite of the deciduous dentition using Planas' direct tracks. Indian J Dent Res 2011; 22 (05) 654-658
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 49 Artênio JIG, Peres GT, Saliba TA, Wakayama B, Garbin CAS. Neuro-occlusal rehabilitation by the Planas direct tracks method: case report. Annali di Stomatologia 2018; 9 (01) 53-58
    Google Scholar
  • 50 Pastana SG, Costa SM, Chiappetta ALML. Análise da mastigação em indivíduos que apresentam mordida cruzada unilateral na faixa etária de 7 a 12 anos. Rev CEFAC 2007; 9 (03) 351-357
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 51 Gribel MN. Planas direct tracks in the early treatment of unilateral crossbite with mandibular postural deviation. Why worry so soon?. World J Orthod 2002; 3 (03) 239-249
    Google Scholar
  • 52 Andrade AdaS, Gavião MB, Gameiro GH, De Rossi M. Characteristics of masticatory muscles in children with unilateral posterior crossbite. Braz Oral Res 2010; 24 (02) 204-210
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 53 Raymond JL. Mastication and correction of bucal cross-bites. Rev Orthop Dento Faciale 2001; 35 (03) 339-346
    Google Scholar
  • 54 Yong YJ, Concepción OLV, Ábalo RG, Mesa LMJ. Effects of early treatment on morphological variables five years after. Rev Cubana Estomatol 2015; 52 (02) 150-159
    Google Scholar
  • 55 Deshayes MJ. Cranial asymmetries and their dento-facial and occlusal effects. Orthod Fr 2006; 77 (01) 87-99
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 56 Deshayes MJ. Dentofacial Orthopedics to treat facial asymmetries before six years of age. How to balance craniofacial growth and enhance temporomandibular function. Orthod Fr 2010; 81 (03) 189-207
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 57 Martinez-Gomis J, Lujan-Climent M, Palau S, Bizar J, Salsench J, Peraire M. Relationship between chewing side preference and handedness and lateral asymmetry of peripheral factors. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54 (02) 101-107
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 58 Rilo B, da Silva JL, Mora MJ, Cadarso-Suárez C, Santana U. Midline shift and lateral guidance angle in adults with unilateral posterior crossbite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008; 133 (06) 804-808
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 59 Rovira-Lastra B, Flores-Orozco EI, Salsench J, Peraire M, Martinez-Gomis J. Is the side with the best masticatory performance selected for chewing?. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 59 (12) 1316-1320
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 60 Barbosa DF, Giannasi LC, Ferreira LMDB, Cruz MM, Alves MC, Berzin F. A singular oral appliance to treat obstructive sleep apnea in CPAP non-adherent patients. Dental Press J Orthod 2020; 25 (05) 44-50
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 61 Venugopalan SK, SatishBabu CL, Rani MS. Determination of the relative parallelism of occlusal plane to three ala-tragal lines in various skeletal malocclusions: a cephalometric study. Indian J Dent Res 2012; 23 (06) 719-725
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 62 Kim KM, Sasaguri K, Akimoto S, Sato S. Mandibular rotation and occlusal development during facial growth. J Stomat Occ Med 2009; 2 (03) 122-130
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 63 Kusayama M, Motohashi N, Kuroda T. Relationship between transverse dental anomalies and skeletal asymmetry. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003; 123 (03) 329-337
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 64 Deng X, Wan Z, He SS, Wamalwa P, Chen S, Zhang ZY. (The centric relation-maximum intercuspation discrepancy in adult angle's class II pretreatment patients). West China J Stomatol 2011; 29 (01) 48-52
    PubMed
  • 65 Almeida MR, Henriques JF, Almeida RR. Almeida-Pedrin RR, Ursi W. Treatment effects produced by the Bionator appliance. Comparison with an untreated Class II sample. Eur J Orthod 2004; 26 (01) 65-72
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 66 D'Attilio M, Tecco S, Filippi MR, Delli Carri D, Festa F. Activation of mandibular growth with the Fräenkel II device: assessment of effects on the vertical plane. Minerva Stomatol 2001; 50 (7-8) 247-263
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 67 Das UM, Reddy D. Treatment effects produced by preorthodontic trainer appliance in patients with class II division I malocclusion. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2010; 28 (01) 30-33
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 68 Raymond JL, Matern O, Grollemund B, Bacon W. Treatment of class III malocclusion: the key role of the occlusal plane. Prog Orthod 2010; 11 (01) 53-61
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar