Subscribe to RSS
![](/products/assets/desktop/img/oa-logo.png)
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729488
Morphological Assessment of TMJ Spaces, Mandibular Condyle, and Glenoid Fossa Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT): A Retrospective Analysis
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/10.1055-s-00050590/202101/lookinside/thumbnails/10.1055-s-0041-1729488-1.jpg)
Abstract
Background The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is included in the category of ginglymoarthrodial synovial joints. The mandibular condyle plays a vital part in the development of the craniofacial complex. Hence, the evaluation and assessment of the condylar volume and its morphology are of utmost importance.
Aim The aim of this research was to use cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging modality to evaluate the morphology of the mandibular condyle and glenoid fossa in a selected population and document any morphometric changes.
Setting and Design It is an observational study.
Materials and Methods A retrospective CBCT analysis was performed on 119 patients. The length, width, height, linear measurements of the joint spaces (anterior, posterior, and superior), volume of the condyle, and roof of glenoid fossa thickness were evaluated on both the left and right sides in both males and females.
Results The height, width, and length of mandibular condyle were significantly increased in males on both sides. Except for the left anterior space, all other spaces were significantly larger in males. Overall, the volume of the condyles in males was significantly increased on both sides.
Conclusion CBCT can be a valuable diagnostic aid in the evaluation of various dimensions, joint spaces, and condylar volume in different planes and thus, can be a useful predictor in the assessment of treatment outcomes of disorders affecting the TMJ.
Publication History
Article published online:
31 May 2021
© 2021. Indian Radiological Association. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd.
A-12, Second Floor, Sector -2, NOIDA -201301, India
-
References
- 1 Pandis N, Karpac J, Trevino R, Williams B. A radiographic study of condyle position at various depths of cut in dry skulls with axially corrected lateral tomograms. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1991; 100 (02) 116-122
- 2 Al-koshab M, Nambiar P, John J. Assessment of condyle and glenoid fossa morphology using CBCT in South-East Asians. PLoS One 2015; 10 (03) e0121682
- 3 Ejima K, Schulze D, Stippig A, Matsumoto K, Rottke D, Honda K. Relationship between the thickness of the roof of glenoid fossa, condyle morphology and remaining teeth in asymptomatic European patients based on cone beam CT data sets. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2013; 42 (03) 90929410 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr/90929410.
- 4 Nancy A. Tencate’s Oral Histology Development, Structure and Functions. Temporomandibular Joint. 8th edition. Ch. 13. Missouri:. Elsevier Mosby Publishers 2013; 400
- 5 Major P, Kamelchuk L, Nebbe B, Petrikowski G, Glover K. Condyle displacement associated with premolar extraction and nonextraction orthodontic treatment of Class I malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1997; 112 (04) 435-440
- 6 Marques AP, Perrella A, Arita ES, Pereira MF, Cavalcanti MdeG. Assessment of simulated mandibular condyle bone lesions by cone beam computed tomography. Braz Oral Res 2010; 24 (04) 467-474
- 7 Miloglu O, Yilmaz AB, Yildirim E, Akgul HM. Pneumatization of the articular eminence on cone beam computed tomography: prevalence, characteristics and a review of the literature. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2011; 40 (02) 110-114
- 8 Lascala CA, Panella J, Marques MM. Analysis of the accuracy of linear measurements obtained by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT-NewTom). Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2004; 33 (05) 291-294
- 9 Suomalainen A, Vehmas T, Kortesniemi M, Robinson S, Peltola J. Accuracy of linear measurements using dental cone beam and conventional multislice computed tomography. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2008; 37 (01) 10-17
- 10 Kobayashi K, Shimoda S, Nakagawa Y, Yamamoto A. Accuracy in measurement of distance using limited cone-beam computerized tomography. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2004; 19 (02) 228-231
- 11 Dalili Z, Khaki N, Kia SJ, Salamat F. Assessing joint space and condylar position in the people with normal function of temporomandibular joint with cone-beam computed tomography. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2012; 9 (05) 607-612
- 12 Lubsen CC, Hansson TL, Nordström BB, Solberg WK. Histomorphometry of age and sex changes in mandibular condyles of young human adults. Arch Oral Biol 1987; 32 (10) 729-733
- 13 Hinton RJ. Relationships between mandibular joint size and craniofacial size in human groups. Arch Oral Biol 1983; 28 (01) 37-43
- 14 Alexiou K, Stamatakis H, Tsiklakis K. Evaluation of the severity of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritic changes related to age using cone beam computed tomography. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2009; 38 (03) 141-147
- 15 Tadej G, Engstrom C, Borrman H, Christiansen EL. Mandibular condyle morphology in relation to malocclusions in children. Angle Orthod 1989; 59 (03) 187-194
- 16 Cohlmia JT, Ghosh J, Sinha PK, Nanda RS, Currier GF. Tomographic assessment of temporomandibular joints in patients with malocclusion. Angle Orthod 1996; 66 (01) 27-35
- 17 Blaschke DD, Blaschke TJ. A method for quantitatively determining temporomandibular joint bony relationships. J Dent Res 1981; 60 (01) 35-43
- 18 Wang RY, Ma XC, Zhang WL, Liu DG. [Investigation of temporomandibular joint space of healthy adults by using cone beam computed tomography]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao 2007; 39 (05) 503-506
- 19 Rodrigues AF, Fraga MR, Vitral RW. Computed tomography evaluation of the temporomandibular joint in Class II Division 1 and Class III malocclusion patients: condylar symmetry and condyle-fossa relationship. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2009; 136 (02) 199-206
- 20 Kijima N, Honda K, Kuroki Y, Sakabe J, Ejima K, Nakajima I. Relationship between patient characteristics, mandibular head morphology and thickness of the roof of the glenoid fossa in symptomatic temporomandibular joints. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2007; 36 (05) 277-281
- 21 Tecco S, Saccucci M, Nucera R. et al. Condylar volume and surface in Caucasian young adult subjects. BMC Med Imaging 2010; 10: 28
- 22 Mostafavi M, Vahdat S, Javadian L, Ghaznavi A. Analysis of condylar volume in relation to craniofacial morphology using cone beam computed tomography. J Contemporary Med Sci 2018; 4: 202-206
- 23 Takayama Y, Miura E, Yuasa M, Kobayashi K, Hosoi T. Comparison of occlusal condition and prevalence of bone change in the condyle of patients with and without temporomandibular disorders. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2008; 105 (01) 104-112
- 24 Enomoto A, Watahiki J, Yamaguchi T, Irie T, Tachikawa T, Maki K. Effects of mastication on mandibular growth evaluated by microcomputed tomography. Eur J Orthod 2010; 32 (01) 66-70
- 25 Chaurasia A, Katheriya G, Khan N. Morphometric analysis of articular eminence of temporomandibular joint in Indian paediatric population: a CBCT study. Indian J Forensic Odontol 2017; 10: 91-103
- 26 Kim JB. Normal temporomandibular joint space. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2000; 26: 279-283