Download PDF
Semin Plast Surg 2021; 35(02): 088-097
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1727208
Review Article

Revision Facelift and Neck Lift

Rami P. Dibbs
1   Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
2   Division of Plastic Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
,
Edward Chamata
1   Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
2   Division of Plastic Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
,
Andrew M. Ferry
1   Division of Plastic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
2   Division of Plastic Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
,
Jeffrey D. Friedman
3   Institute for Reconstructive Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, Texas
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
› Further Information
Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Facial rejuvenation procedures have become more commonly performed due to an increasing elderly population and greater general public acceptance. As a result, patients are now increasingly undergoing secondary and tertiary rhytidectomies to treat natural aging and/or to correct complications from prior procedures. Revision face and neck lifts are more complex by nature of the procedure and require a comprehensive preoperative assessment for enhanced outcomes. In this review, we discuss the preoperative evaluation, surgical challenges encountered, primary face and neck lift deformities, and their surgical management for patients undergoing secondary face and neck lifts.

Keywords

rhytidectomy - neck lift - revision - secondary procedure


Publication History

Article published online:
08 June 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

 

  • References

  • 1 American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Plastic Surgery Statistics Report 2019. https://www.plasticsurgery.org/documents/News/Statistics/2019/plastic-surgery-statistics-full-report-2019.pdf . Accessed December 1, 2020
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Beale EW, Rasko Y, Rohrich RJ. A 20-year experience with secondary rhytidectomy: a review of technique, longevity, and outcomes. Plast Reconstr Surg 2013; 131 (03) 625-634
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Farkas JP, Pessa JE, Hubbard B, Rohrich RJ. The science and theory behind facial aging. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2013; 1 (01) e8-e15
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Derby BM, Codner MA. Evidence-based medicine: face lift. Plast Reconstr Surg 2017; 139 (01) 151e-167e
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Chang S, Pusic A, Rohrich RJ. A systematic review of comparison of efficacy and complication rates among face-lift techniques. Plast Reconstr Surg 2011; 127 (01) 423-433
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Hatef DA, Sclafani AP. Secondary rhytidectomy. Semin Plast Surg 2009; 23 (04) 257-263
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Cristel RT, Irvine LE. Common complications in rhytidectomy. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2019; 27 (04) 519-527
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Clevens RA. Avoiding patient dissatisfaction and complications in facelift surgery. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2009; 17 (04) 515-530 , v
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Rasko YM, Beale E, Rohrich RJ. Secondary rhytidectomy: comprehensive review and current concepts. Plast Reconstr Surg 2012; 130 (06) 1370-1378
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Funk E, Adamson PA. A comparison of primary and secondary rhytidectomy results. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2011; 35 (01) 96-99
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Guyuron B, Bokhari F, Thomas T. Secondary rhytidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg 1997; 100 (05) 1281-1284
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Broughton II G, Crosby MA, Coleman J, Rohrich RJ. Use of herbal supplements and vitamins in plastic surgery: a practical review. Plast Reconstr Surg 2007; 119 (03) 48e-66e
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Guyuron B. Secondary rhytidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg 2004; 114 (03) 797-800
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Chaffoo RAK. Complications in facelift surgery: avoidance and management. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2013; 21 (04) 551-558
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Haiavy J. Reoperative face and neck lifts. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2011; 23 (01) 109-118 , vi–vii
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Rohrich RJ, Ghavami A, Lemmon JA, Brown SA. The individualized component face lift: developing a systematic approach to facial rejuvenation. Plast Reconstr Surg 2009; 123 (03) 1050-1063
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Matarasso A, Wallach SG, Difrancesco L, Rankin M. Age-based comparisons of patients undergoing secondary rhytidectomy. Aesthet Surg J 2002; 22 (06) 526-530
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Rohrich RJ, Sinno S, Vaca EE. Getting better results in facelifting. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2019; 7 (06) e2270
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Hamilton K, Wolfswinkel EM, Weathers WM. et al. The delay phenomenon: a compilation of knowledge across specialties. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2014; 7 (02) 112-118
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Lambros V. Models of facial aging and implications for treatment. Clin Plast Surg 2008; 35 (03) 319-327 , discussion 317
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Stuzin JM. Restoring facial shape in face lifting: the role of skeletal support in facial analysis and midface soft-tissue repositioning. Plast Reconstr Surg 2007; 119 (01) 362-376
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Rohrich RJ, Mohan R. Role of ancillary procedures in facial rejuvenation. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2019; 7 (06) e2075
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Scheuer III JF, Costa CR, Dauwe PB, Ramanadham SR, Rohrich RJ. Laser resurfacing at the time of rhytidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg 2015; 136 (01) 27-38
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Herbig K, Trussler AP, Khosla RK, Rohrich RJ. Combination Jessner's solution and trichloroacetic acid chemical peel: technique and outcomes. Plast Reconstr Surg 2009; 124 (03) 955-964
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Rohrich RJ, Villanueva NL, Afrooz PN. Refinements in upper blepharoplasty: the five-step technique. Plast Reconstr Surg 2018; 141 (05) 1144-1146
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Bidros RS, Salazar-Reyes H, Friedman JD. Subcutaneous temporal browlift under local anesthesia: a useful technique for periorbital rejuvenation. Aesthet Surg J 2010; 30 (06) 783-788
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Rohrich RJ, Pessa JE. The fat compartments of the face: anatomy and clinical implications for cosmetic surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 2007; 119 (07) 2219-2227
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Marten T, Elyassnia D. Facial fat grafting: why, where, how, and how much. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2018; 42 (05) 1278-1297
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Schultz KP, Raghuram A, Davis MJ, Abu-Ghname A, Chamata E, Rohrich RJ. Fat grafting for facial rejuvenation. Semin Plast Surg 2020; 34 (01) 30-37
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Rohrich RJ, Ghavami A, Constantine FC, Unger J, Mojallal A. Lift-and-fill face lift: integrating the fat compartments. Plast Reconstr Surg 2014; 133 (06) 756e-767e
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Pu LLQ. Fat grafting for facial rejuvenation and contouring: a rationalized approach. Ann Plast Surg 2018; 81 (6S Suppl 1): S102-S108
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Skouras GA, Skouras AG, Skoura EA. Revision and secondary facelift: problems frequently encountered. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2020; 8 (08) e2947
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Brown S, Mirmanesh M, Song P, Coombs D, Rengifo D, Pu LLQ. Beveled incisions: what is the evidence?. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2018; 42 (03) 743-747
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Kim YS, Na YC, Park JH. Hair transplantation in patients with hair loss or scar deformity in the side hairline after midfacelifting surgery. Arch Plast Surg 2019; 46 (02) 147-151
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Barrera A. Correcting retroauricular hairline deformity after face lift. Aesthet Surg J 2004; 24 (02) 176-178
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Ramirez OM, Heller L. The anchor tragal flap: a method of preserving the natural pretragal depression during rhytidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg 2005; 116 (04) 1115-1121
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Knize DM. Periauricular face lift incisions and the auricular anchor. Plast Reconstr Surg 1999; 104 (05) 1508-1520
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Kaye KO, Casabona GR, Kästner S, Paprottka FJ. Correction and prevention of the pixie ear deformity: a combined technique. Aesthet Surg J 2019; 39 (02) 123-136
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 McKinney P, Giese S, Placik O. Management of the ear in rhytidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg 1993; 92 (05) 858-866
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Hoefflin SM. Simple repair of a pixie earlobe. Plast Reconstr Surg 2001; 107 (06) 1623-1624
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Mowlavi A, Meldrum DG, Wilhelmi BJ, Russell RC, Zook EG. The “pixie” ear deformity following face lift surgery revisited. Plast Reconstr Surg 2005; 115 (04) 1165-1171
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Barbarino SC, Wu AY, Morrow DM. Isolated neck-lifting procedure: isolated stork lift. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2013; 37 (02) 205-209
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 43 Buchanan PJ, Mihora DC, Mast BA. Facelift practice evolution: objective implementation of new surgical techniques. Ann Plast Surg 2018; 80 (6S Suppl 6): S324-S327
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 44 Narasimhan K, Ramanadham S, O'Reilly E, Rohrich RJ. Secondary neck lift and the importance of midline platysmaplasty: review of 101 cases. Plast Reconstr Surg 2016; 137 (04) 667e-675e
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 45 Guerrerosantos J. Managing platysma bands in the aging neck. Aesthet Surg J 2008; 28 (02) 211-216
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 46 Mejia JD, Nahai FR, Nahai F, Momoh AO. Isolated management of the aging neck. Semin Plast Surg 2009; 23 (04) 264-273
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 47 de Castro CC, Aboudib Jr JH, Roxo ACW. Updating the concepts on neck lift and lower third of the face. Plast Reconstr Surg 2012; 130 (01) 199-205
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 48 Feldman JJ. Corset platysmaplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1990; 85 (03) 333-343
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 49 Narasimhan K, Stuzin JM, Rohrich RJ. Five-step neck lift: integrating anatomy with clinical practice to optimize results. Plast Reconstr Surg 2013; 132 (02) 339-350
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 50 Guyuron B, Sadek EY, Ahmadian R. A 26-year experience with vest-over-pants technique platysmarrhaphy. Plast Reconstr Surg 2010; 126 (03) 1027-1034
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 51 Cruz RS, O'Reilly EB, Rohrich RJ. The platysma window: an anatomically safe, efficient, and easily reproducible approach to neck contour in the face lift. Plast Reconstr Surg 2012; 129 (05) 1169-1172
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 52 Trévidic P, Criollo-Lamilla G. Platysma bands: is a change needed in the surgical paradigm?. Plast Reconstr Surg 2017; 139 (01) 41-47
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 53 Cronin TD, Biggs TM. The T-Z-plasty for the male “turkey gobbler” neck. Plast Reconstr Surg 1971; 47 (06) 534-538
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 54 Hamra ST. Frequent face lift sequelae: hollow eyes and the lateral sweep: cause and repair. Plast Reconstr Surg 1998; 102 (05) 1658-1666
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 55 Lambros V, Stuzin JM. The cross-cheek depression: surgical cause and effect in the development of the “joker line” and its treatment. Plast Reconstr Surg 2008; 122 (05) 1543-1552
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar