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Der Klinikarzt 2015; 44(12): 588-593
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-108698
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© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Das akute Koronarsyndrom – Definition, Untersuchungskomponenten und Therapiepfade

Acute coronary syndrome – Definition, diagnostic workup and approaches for therapy
Matthias Totzeck
1   Klinik für Kardiologie, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen
,
Tienush Rassaf
1   Klinik für Kardiologie, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen
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Publication History

Publication Date:
19 January 2016 (online)

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Das akute Koronarsyndrom ist die häufigste Todesursache weltweit. Brustschmerz, als Leitsymptom des akuten Koronarsyndroms, ist eine der häufigsten Vorstellungsgründe in Notfallambulanzen. Ein Zehntel dieser Patienten wird abschließend mit einem akuten Myokardinfarkt diagnostiziert. Die Diskriminierung von kardialen und nicht-kardialen Ursachen ist von herausragender Wichtigkeit in der Akutversorgung von Brustschmerzpatienten. Wir nehmen in dem folgenden Übersichtartikel zunächst Bezug auf die in den Leitlinien verankerte Definition des akuten Myokardinfarktes. Hiernach beschreiben wir die wesentlichen Untersuchungskomponenten bestehend aus klinischer Untersuchung, EKG und Bluttests. Abschließend charakterisieren wir die hieraus resultierenden Therapiepfade und insbesondere die Reperfusionstherapie.

Acute coronary syndrome is the most frequent cause of death worldwide. Chest pain, as the cardinal symptom of acute coronary syndrome, is one of the most common reasons for presentation in the emergency department. One in ten of these patients will subsequently be diagnosed with an acute myocardial infarct. The differentiation between cardiac and noncardiac causes is of the utmost importance in the acute management patents with chest pain. In the present review article we first of all take a look at the definition of acute myocardial infarction as anchored in the respective guidelines. Then we describe the main components of the diagnostic work-up comprising clinical examination, ECG, and blood analyses. Finally we present the characteristics of the resultant therapeutic options and, especially, those of reperfusion therapy.

Key words

Acute coronary syndrome - myocardial infarct - breast pain - reperfusion therapy
 

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