Cytoreductive Surgery Combined with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Peritoneal Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer

Abstract

Peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer (PM-CRC) is used to be considered a systemic and fatal condition; however, it has been growingly accepted that PM-CRC can still be local disease rather than systemic disease as analogous to liver or lung metastasis.

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is now considered an optimal treatment for PM-CRC with accumulating evidence. There is a good reason that CRS + HIPEC, widely accepted as a standard of care for pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP), could be a viable option for PM-CRC given a similarity between PM-CRC and PMP.

Recent years have also seen that modern systemic chemotherapy with or without molecular targeted agents can be effective for PM-CRC. It is possible that neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy combined with CRS + HIPEC could further improve outcomes.

Patient selection, utilizing modern images and increasingly laparoscopy, is crucial. Particularly, diagnostic laparoscopy is likely to play a significant role in predicting the likelihood of achieving complete cytoreduction and assessing the peritoneal cancer index score.

Keywords

HIPEC - PCI - cytoreductive - carcinomatosis

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
22. September 2020

• References

• 1 Sugarbaker PH, Ryan DP. Cytoreductive surgery plus hyperthermic perioperative chemotherapy to treat peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer: standard of care or an experimental approach?. Lancet Oncol 2012; 13 (08) e362-e369
• 2 Sugarbaker PH. New standard of care for appendiceal epithelial neoplasms and pseudomyxoma peritonei syndrome?. Lancet Oncol 2006; 7 (01) 69-76
• 3 Watanabe T, Muro K, Ajioka Y. et al. Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum (JSCCR) guidelines 2016 for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2017; DOI: 10.1007/s10147-017-1101-6.
• 4 Franko J, Shi Q, Goldman CD. et al. Treatment of colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis with systemic chemotherapy: a pooled analysis of north central cancer treatment group phase III trials N9741 and N9841. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30 (03) 263-267
• 5 Spratt JS, Adcock RA, Muskovin M, Sherrill W, McKeown J. Clinical delivery system for intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy. Cancer Res 1980; 40 (02) 256-260
• 6 Sugarbaker PH. Peritonectomy procedures. Ann Surg 1995; 221 (01) 29-42
• 7 van de Vaart PJ, van der Vange N, Zoetmulder FA. et al. Intraperitoneal cisplatin with regional hyperthermia in advanced ovarian cancer: pharmacokinetics and cisplatin-DNA adduct formation in patients and ovarian cancer cell lines. Eur J Cancer 1998; 34 (01) 148-154 , 199
• 8 Verwaal VJ, van Ruth S, de Bree E. et al. Randomized trial of cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy versus systemic chemotherapy and palliative surgery in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21 (20) 3737-3743
• 9 Verwaal VJ, van Ruth S, Witkamp A, Boot H, van Slooten G, Zoetmulder FA. Long-term survival of peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin. Ann Surg Oncol 2005; 12 (01) 65-71
• 10 Kianmanesh R, Scaringi S, Sabate JM. et al. Iterative cytoreductive surgery associated with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin with or without liver metastases. Ann Surg 2007; 245 (04) 597-603
• 11 Franko J, Gusani NJ, Holtzman MP. et al. Multivisceral resection does not affect morbidity and survival after cytoreductive surgery and chemoperfusion for carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2008; 15 (11) 3065-3072
• 12 Shen P, Thai K, Stewart JH. et al. Peritoneal surface disease from colorectal cancer: comparison with the hepatic metastases surgical paradigm in optimally resected patients. Ann Surg Oncol 2008; 15 (12) 3422-3432
• 13 Elias D, Lefevre JH, Chevalier J. et al. Complete cytoreductive surgery plus intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia with oxaliplatin for peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27 (05) 681-685
• 14 Chua TC, Yan TD, Ng KM, Zhao J, Morris DL. Significance of lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer peritoneal carcinomatosis. World J Surg 2009; 33 (07) 1488-1494
• 15 Elias D, Gilly F, Boutitie F. et al. Peritoneal colorectal carcinomatosis treated with surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy: retrospective analysis of 523 patients from a multicentric French study. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28 (01) 63-68
• 16 Cavaliere F, De Simone M, Virzì S. et al. Prognostic factors and oncologic outcome in 146 patients with colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis treated with cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: Italian multicenter study S.I.T.I.L.O. Eur J Surg Oncol 2011; 37 (02) 148-154
• 17 Younan R, Kusamura S, Baratti D, Cloutier AS, Deraco M. Morbidity, toxicity, and mortality classification systems in the local regional treatment of peritoneal surface malignancy. J Surg Oncol 2008; 98 (04) 253-257
• 18 Chua TC, Yan TD, Saxena A, Morris DL. Should the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis by cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy still be regarded as a highly morbid procedure?: a systematic review of morbidity and mortality. Ann Surg 2009; 249 (06) 900-907
• 19 Glehen O, Kwiatkowski F, Sugarbaker PH. et al. Cytoreductive surgery combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the management of peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer: a multi-institutional study. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22 (16) 3284-3292
• 20 IPG331. Cytoreduction surgery followed by hyperthermic intraoperative peritoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis. NICE Guidance. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ipg331
• 21 Glockzin G, Rochon J, Arnold D. et al. A prospective multicenter phase II study evaluating multimodality treatment of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from appendiceal and colorectal cancer: the COMBATAC trial. BMC Cancer 2013; 13: 67
• 22 Elias D, Honoré C, Dumont F. et al. Results of systematic second-look surgery plus HIPEC in asymptomatic patients presenting a high risk of developing colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis. Ann Surg 2011; 254 (02) 289-293
• 23 Mirnezami R, Mehta AM, Chandrakumaran K. et al. Cytoreductive surgery in combination with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy improves survival in patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases compared with systemic chemotherapy alone. Br J Cancer 2014; 111 (08) 1500-1508