Subscribe to RSS
![](/products/assets/desktop/img/oa-logo.png)
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713465
Higher Prevalence of Periodontitis and Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth in Patients with Psoriasis
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/10.1055-s-00042133/202003/lookinside/thumbnails/10-1055-s-0040-1713465_00168-1.jpg)
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence and severity of periodontitis and decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index in patients with psoriasis. As a secondary aim, verify if periodontitis was a risk indicator for psoriasis.
Materials and Methods A total of 69 patients diagnosed with psoriasis (48.7 ± 14.6 years) and 74 healthy controls (40.3 ± 12.9 years) participated in the study. Probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing, plaque index, and DMFT index were measured in all subjects. Periodontitis was defined as the presence of at least three interproximal sites with CAL ≥3 mm in different teeth and severe periodontitis should involve at least two interproximal sites in different teeth with CAL ≥5 mm.
Statistical Analysis The Mann–Whitney test was used to analyze the demographics and the clinical data. The significance level was 5%. A multivariate logistic regression was conducted, and the odds ratio were calculated to express the risk to develop psoriasis.
Results Patients with psoriasis had significantly more sites with CAL ≥3 mm (p < 0.03) and CAL ≥5 mm (p < 0.0001), less sites with plaque (p < 0.0001), fewer teeth (p < 0.0001), and a high DMFT index (p < 0.02) as compared with controls. Severe periodontitis was significantly more frequent (87.1% × 58.1%) and was a risk indicator for psoriasis after adjusting for sex, age, race, and smoking habits (odds ratio: 3.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.5–9.0, p < 0.003).
Conclusion Patients with psoriasis have higher prevalence of severe periodontitis and higher DMFT than control patients. Severe periodontitis may be a risk indicator for psoriasis.
Keywords
psoriasis - periodontal disease - decayed, missing and filled teeth index - chronic diseasesPublication History
Article published online:
15 June 2020
© .
Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd.
A-12, Second Floor, Sector -2, NOIDA -201301, India
-
References
- 1 Gudjonsson JE, Johnston A, Sigmundsdottir H, Valdimarsson H. Immunopathogenic mechanisms in psoriasis. Clin Exp Immunol 2004; 135 (01) 1-8
- 2 Gelfand JM, Stern RS, Nijsten T. et al. The prevalence of psoriasis in African Americans: results from a population-based study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005; 52 (01) 23-26
- 3 Boyman O, Conrad C, Tonel G, Gilliet M, Nestle FO. The pathogenic role of tissue-resident immune cells in psoriasis. Trends Immunol 2007; 28 (02) 51-57
- 4 Miranda LA, Fischer RG, Sztajnbok FR, Figueredo CM, Gustafsson A. Periodontal conditions in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J Clin Periodontol 2003; 30 (11) 969-974
- 5 Mealey BL, Oates TW. American Academy of Periodontology. Diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases. J Periodontol 2006; 77 (08) 1289-1303
- 6 Brito F, de Barros FC, Zaltman C. et al. Prevalence of periodontitis and DMFT index in patients with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. J Clin Periodontol 2008; 35 (06) 555-560
- 7 Vidal F, Figueredo CM, Cordovil I, Fischer RG. Periodontal therapy reduces plasma levels of interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen in patients with severe periodontitis and refractory arterial hypertension. J Periodontol 2009; 80 (05) 786-791
- 8 Gottlieb AB, Dann F. Comorbidities in patients with psoriasis. Am J Med 2009; 122 (12) 1150.e1-1150.e9
- 9 Younai FS, Phelan JA. Oral mucositis with features of psoriasis: report of a case and review of the literature. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1997; 84 (01) 61-67
- 10 Lier GC, Mrowietz U, Wolfart M, Warnke PH, Wiltfang J, Springer IN. Psoriasis of the tongue. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2009; 37 (01) 51-53
- 11 Sharma A, Raman A, Pradeep AR. Association of chronic periodontitis and psoriasis: periodontal status with severity of psoriasis. Oral Dis 2015; 21 (03) 314-319
- 12 Skudutyte-Rysstad R, Slevolden EM, Hansen BF, Sandvik L, Preus HR. Association between moderate to severe psoriasis and periodontitis in a Scandinavian population. BMC Oral Health 2014; 14: 139-147
- 13 Preus HR, Khanifam P, Kolltveit K, Mørk C, Gjermo P. Periodontitis in psoriasis patients: a blinded, case-controlled study. Acta Odontol Scand 2010; 68 (03) 165-170
- 14 Ganzetti G, Campanati A, Santarelli A. et al. Involvement of the oral cavity in psoriasis: results of a clinical study. Br J Dermatol 2015; 172 (01) 282-285
- 15 Fadel HT, Flytström I, Calander AM, Bergbrant IM, Heijl L, Birkhed D. Profiles of dental caries and periodontal disease in individuals with or without psoriasis. J Periodontol 2013; 84 (04) 477-485
- 16 Armstrong AW, Harskamp CT, Dhillon JS, Armstrong EJ. Psoriasis and smoking: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Dermatol 2014; 170 (02) 304-314
- 17 Christophers E. Comorbidities in psoriasis. Clin Dermatol 2007; 25 (06) 529-534
- 18 Linden GJ, Lyons A, Scannapieco FA. Periodontal systemic associations: review of the evidence. J Periodontol 2013; 84 (4, Suppl) S8-S19
- 19 Keller JJ, Lin HC. The effects of chronic periodontitis and its treatment on the subsequent risk of psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2012; 167 (06) 1338-1344
- 20 Nakib S, Han J, Li T, Joshipura K, Qureshi AA. Periodontal disease and risk of psoriasis among nurses in the United States. Acta Odontol Scand 2013; 71 (06) 1423-1429
- 21 Ungprasert P, Wijarnpreecha K, Wetter DA. Periodontitis and risk of psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 31 (05) 857-862
- 22 WHO. Oral health surveys: basic methodos. In: Path- finder Methodology. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1997: 5-9
- 23 Kathariya R, Pradeep AR. Chronic plaque psoriasis and plaque-induced chronic periodontitis; is there any association: a cross-sectional study. J Periodontol Implant Dent 2011; 3: 13-20
- 24 Ucan F Yarkac, Ogrum A, Gokturk O. Effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on inflammatory markers of psoriasis: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47 (02) 193-201
- 25 Ford PJ, Gamonal J, Seymour GJ. Immunological differences and similarities between chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2010; 53: 111-123
- 26 Lazaridou E, Tsikrikoni A, Fotiadou C. et al. Association of chronic plaque psoriasis and severe periodontitis: a hospital based case-control study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 27 (08) 967-972