Femoroacetabular Impingement and Acetabular Labral Tears - Part 1: Pathophysiology and Biomechanics

Abstract

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is an important cause of hip pain, and the main etiology of hip osteoarthritis in the young population. Femoroacetabular impingement is characterized by subtle alterations in the anatomy of the acetabulum and proximal femur, which can lead to labrum tearing. The acetabular labrum is essential to the stability of the hip joint. Three types of FAI were described: cam (anespherical femoral head), pincer (acetabular overcoverage) and mixed (characteristics of both cam and pincer). The etiology of FAI is related to genetic and environmental characteristics. Knowledge of this condition is essential to adequately treat patients presenting with hip pain.

Keywords

hip - femoroacetabular impingement - acetabular labrum - sports medicine - hip arthroscopy

Final Remarks

Femoroacetabular impingement is a syndrome characterized by hip pain associated with subtle changes in hip joint anatomy. Femoroacetabular impingement is a major cause of damage to the acetabular labrum, an essential structure in hip biomechanics. Knowledge of this disease is of paramount importance to orthopedists treating patients with hip pain.

Publication History

Received: 29 September 2019

Accepted: 12 November 2019

Article published online:
02 April 2020

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