Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2008; 02(04): 263-268
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697390
Original Article
Dental Investigation Society

Effect of Preheating on the Mechanical Properties of Resin Composites

Mine Betül Uctasli
a   Assistant Professor, University of Gazi, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, Turkey
,
Hacer Deniz Arisu
b   Lecturer, University of Gazi, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, Turkey
,
Lippo VJ Lasilla
c   Professor, University of Turku, Institude of Dentistry, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry & Biomaterial Science, Finland
,
Pekka K Valittu
d   Professor, University of Turku, Institude of Dentistry, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry & Biomaterial Science, Finland
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
27 September 2019 (online)

Also available at
  PDF Download Permissions and Reprints

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the flexural strength and modulus of two commercial resin composites, at room temperature and 40, 45 and 50�C prior to light polymerization with standard and step-cure protocols.

Methods: One nanohybrid (Grandio, VOCO, Cuxhaven, Germany), and microhybrid compositeresin (Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) were used. The materials were inserted into rectangular moulds at room temperature or preheated to a temperature of 40, 45 or 50°C and cured with standard or step-cure protocols with high intensity halogen (Elipar Highlight, 3M-ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA). Ten specimens were prepared for each preheating and light curing protocol. A three-point bending test was performed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc tests (P<.05) to examine the effect of curing protocol and preheating. Pearson’s correlation test was used to determine the correlation between tested mechanical properties and preheating.

Results: There were no statistically significant difference between tested mechanical properties of the materials, curing protocols and temperature of the materials. No significant correlation was found between preheating and tested mechanical properties.

Conclusions: The mechanical properties of the tested materials did not changed by preheating so the tested materials could be preheated because of the other potential clinical advantages like more adaptation to the cavity walls. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:263-268)

Key Words:

Resin composite - Preheating - Polymerization
 

  • REFERENCES

  • 1 Manhart J, Kunzeimann KH, Chen HY, HickeL R. Mechanical properties and wear behavior of light cured packable composite resins. Dent Mater 2000; 16: 33-40
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Poss SD. Using a new condensable composite for posterior restorations. Compend Contin Educ Dent Suppl 1999; 23: 14-18
    Google Scholar
  • 3 Al-Sharaa KA, Watts DC. Stickiness prior to some light cured resin composites. Dent Mater 2003; 19: 182-187
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Blalock JS, Holmes RG, Rueggeberg FA. Effect of temperature on unpolymerized composite resin film thickness. J Prosthet Dent 2006; 96: 424-432
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Rodrigues Junior SA, Zanchi CH, Carvalho RV, Demarco FF. Flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of different types of resin based composites. Braz Oral Res 2007; 21: 16-21
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Crim G, Chapman KW. Reducing microleakage in Class II restorations: an in vitro study. Quintessence Int 1994; 25: 781-785
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Schuckar M, Geurtsen W. Proximo-cervical adaptation of Class II composite restorations after thermocycling: a quantitative and qualitative study. J Oral Rehabil 1997; 24: 766-775
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Freedman PD. Clinical benefits of pre-warmed composites. Private Dent 2003; 8: 111-114
    Google Scholar
  • 9 Friedman J. Thermally assisted polymerization of composite resins. Contemp Esthetics Rest Practice 2003; 7: 46
    Google Scholar
  • 10 Roeters JJ, Shortall AC, Opdam NJ. Can a single composite resin serve all purposes?. Br Dent J 2005; 199: 73-79
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Powers JM, Wataha JC. Dental materials: properties and manipulation. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2003: 68-72
    Google Scholar
  • 12 Hervas-Garcia A, Martinez-Lozano Ma, Cabanes-Vila J, Barjau-Escribano A, Fos-Galve P. Composite resins: a review of the materials and clinical indications. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2006; 11: E215-220
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Bagis YH, Rueggeberg FA. Effect of post cure temperature and heat duration on monomer conversion of photoactivated dental resin composite. Dent Mater 1997; 13: 228-232
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Park SH, Lee CS. The difference in degree of conversion between light-cured and additional heat-cured composites. Oper Dent 1996; 21: 213-217
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Trujillo M, Newman SM, Stransbury J. Use of near-IR to monitor the influence of external heating on dental composite photopolymerization. Dent Mater 2004; 20: 766-777
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Daronch M, Rueggeberg FA, De Goes MF. Monomer conversion of pre-heated composite. J Dent Res 2005; 84: 663-667
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Daronch M, Rueggeberg FA, De Goes MF, Giudici R. Polymerization kinetics of pre-heated composite. J Dent Res 2006; 85: 38-43
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Roulet JF. The problems associated with substituting composite resins for amalgam: a status report on posterior composites. J Dent 1988; 16: 101-113
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Craig RG. Restorative dental materials. St. Louis: Mosby Publishing Co; 1997
    Google Scholar
  • 20 Lovell LG, Lu H, Elliott JE, Bowman CN. Understanding the kinetics and network formation of dimethacrilate dental resins. Polym Adv Technol 2001; 12: 335-345
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Munoz CA, Bond PR, Sy-Munoz J, Tan D, Peterson J. Effect of pre-heating on depth of cure and surface hardness of light-polymerized resin composites. Am J Dent 2008; 21: 215-222
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Lovell LG, Lu H, Elliot JE, Stansbury JW, Bowman CN. The effect of cure rate on the mechanical properties of dental resins. Dent Mater 2001; 17: 504-51
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Prasanna N, Pallavi Reddy Y, Kavitha S, Lakshmi Narayanan L. Degree of conversion and residual stress of preheated and room-temperature composites. Indian J Dent Res 2007; 18: 173-176
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Daronch M, Rueggeberg FA, Hall G, De Goes MF. Effect of composite temperature on in vitro intrapulpal temperature rise. Dent Mater 2007; 23: 1283-1288
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Daronch M, Rueggeberg FA, Moss L, De Goes MF. Clinically relevant issues related to preheating composites. J Esthet Restor Dent 2006; 18: 340-351
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Loughran GM, Versluis A, Douglas WH. Evaluation of sub-critical fatigue crack propagation in a restorative composite. Dent Mater 2005; 21: 252-261
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Della Bona A, Anusavice KJ, DeHoff PH. Weibull analysis and flexural strength of hot-pressed core and veneered ceramic structures. Dent Mater 2003; 19: 662-669
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 International Organization for Standardization ISO 4049/ 2000-Dentistry-Polymer-based filling, restorative and luting materials. Switzerland: ISO; 2000
  • 29 Chung SM, Yap AUJ, Chandra SP, Lim CT. Flexural strength of dental composite restoratives: comparison of biaxial and three-point bending test. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2004; 71: 278-283
    Google Scholar
  • 30 Palin WM, Fleming GJ, Marquis PM. The reliability of standardized flexure strength testing procedures for a light-activated resin-based composite. Dent Mater 2005; 21: 911-919
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Sabbagh J, Vreven J, Leloup G. Dynamic and static moduli of elasticity of resin-based materials. Dent Mater 2002; 18: 64-71
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Xu HHK, Smith DT, Jahamir S, Romberg E, Kelly JR, Thompson VP, Rekow ED. Indentation damage and mechanical properties of human enamel and dentin. J Dent Res 1998; 77: 472-480
    Google Scholar
  • 33 St Germain H, Swartz ML, Phillips RW, Moore BK, Roberts TA. Properties of microfilled composite resins as influenced by filler content. J Dent Res 1985; 64: 155-160
    Google Scholar
  • 34 Li Y, Swartz ML, Phillips RW, Moore BK, Roberts TA. Effect of filler content and size on properties of composites. J Dent Res 1985; 64: 1396-1401
    Google Scholar
  • 35 Braem M, Finger WJ, Van Doren VE, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Mechanical properties and filler fraction of dental composites. Dent Mater 1989; 5: 346-349
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Chung KH. The relationship between composition and properties of posterior resin composites. J Dent Res 1990; 69: 852-856
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Chung KH, Greener EH. Correlation between degree of conversion, filler concentration and mechanical properties of posterior composite resins. J Oral Rehabil 1990; 17: 487-494
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Gladys S, Van MB, Braem M, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Comparative physico-mechanical characterization of new hybrid restorative materials with conventional glass- ionomer and resin composite restorative materials. J Dent Res 1997; 76: 883-894
    Google Scholar
  • 39 Kim KH, Ong JL, Okuna O. The effect of filler loading and morphology on the mechanical properties of contemporary composites. J Prosthet Dent 2002; 87: 642-649
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Beun S, Glorieux T, Devaux J, Vreven J, Leloup G. Characterization of nanofilled compared to universal and microfilled composites. Dent Mater 2007; 23: 51-59
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar