PDF herunterladen
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Journal of Social Health and Diabetes 2018; 06(01): 040-047
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1676190
Original Article
NovoNordisk Education Foundation

Study on bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in patients with diabetic foot ulcers in a tertiary care teaching hospital

Javedh Shareef
Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
,
Sandra Sunny
1   Post Graduate Student M. Pharm (Pharmacy Practice) NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
,
K R Bhagavan
2   Professor and Head, Department of General Surgery K. S. Hegde Hospital, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
› Institutsangaben
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

Received: 22. August 2017

Accepted: 02. Dezember 2017

Publikationsdatum:
22. November 2018 (online)

Auch verfügbar auf
   Lizenzen und Reprints

Introduction:Diabetic foot ulcer and infections are one of the major complications in diabetic patients leading to frequent hospitalization and increased mortality. Knowledge about the microbes that cause infections will be helpful for providing appropriate antimicrobial therapy.

Aim:To evaluate the bacteriological profile of patients with diabetic foot ulcers and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern.

Methodology:A cross-sectional study was carried out for a period of eight months in the Department of surgery in patients with diabetic foot ulcer at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Patient data relevant to the study were collected using a standard data collection form designed as per the need of the study. Details of the organisms isolated and susceptibility pattern were collected from microbiology department.

Results:A total of 122 pathogens were identified from 71 patients with male (63.38%) predominance over females (36.61%). Out of the 71 patients, 38 (53.52%) patients had monomicrobial infections and 33 (46.47%) patients had polymicrobial infections. Of the total 122 organisms, 79(64.75%) organisms were found to be gram negative organisms and 43(35.24%) were gram positive. Pseudomonas aeruginosa found in 22 (18.03%) patients was the predominant pathogen isolated followed by Klebsiella pneumonia found in 18 (14.75%) patients. The gram-positive organisms isolated showed maximum susceptibility towards antibiotics Teicoplanin and Linezolid while the gram-negative organisms showed susceptibility to Imipenem, Meropenem, and Piperacillin/Tazobactum combination.

Conclusion:The study showed a preponderance of gram-negative bacilli among the isolates from the diabetic foot ulcers. It is recommended that antimicrobial sensitivity testing is necessary for initiating appropriate antibiotic regimen which will help to reduce the drug resistance and minimize the healthcare costs.

Keywords

Diabetic foot ulcer - antibiotic susceptibility - bacterial isolates
 

  • References

  • 1 Huri HZ. Management of the Diabetic Foot. Continuing Professional Development (CPD: Pharmacy Today (Malaysia). Pharmacy Practice 2014; 31-38
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 2 Shrivastava SR, Shrivastava PS, Ramasamy J. Role of self-care in management of diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2013; 12: 14
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 3 Mendes JJ, Marques-Costa A, Vilela C, Neves J, Candeias N, Cavaco-Silva P. et al. Clinical and bacteriological survey of diabetic foot infections in lisbon. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2012; 95: 153-161
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 4 Tamali M, Gamal MB, Alghazal MA. Common aerobic bacterial isolates from diabetic foot ulcer and their antibiotic susceptibility testing. World J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015; 4: 260-266
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 5 Perim MC, Borges Jda C, Celeste SR, Orsolin Ede F, Mendes RR, Mendes GO. et al. Aerobic bacterial profile and antibiotic resistance in patients with diabetic foot infections. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2015; 48: 546-554
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 6 George A, Dan AA, Eapen BA, Chaithra S, Sivakumar TA. Prospective Study on Bacteriology and Prescribing Pattern of Antibiotics in Diabetic Foot Ulcers at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital. WJPMR 2016; 2: 128-131
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 7 Mehta VJ, Kikani KM, Mehta SJ. Microbiological profile of diabetic foot ulcers and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern in a teaching hospital. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol 2014; 3: 92-95
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 8 Sundresh NJ, Narendran S, Ramesh R, Kesavjagadeesan. Nasarareddy N. Clinical and microbiological study of diabetic foot in patients admitted at RMMCH, Chidambaram,Tamil Nadu, India. J Pharm Sci Innov 2014; 3: 135-138
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 9 Halpati A, Desai KJ, Jadeja R, Parmar M. A study of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in diabetic foot ulcer and in vitro sensitivity of antimicrobial agent. Int J Med Sci Public Health 2014; 3: 818-821
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 10 Venkateswaramurthy N, Malaravan N, Sambathkumar R. Clinical and Microbial Flora in Diabetic foot ulcer and its Antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Int J Adv Pharm Gen Res 2015; 3: 1-9
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 11 Reghu R, Padma UD, Sasankan V, Puthur S, Jose J. A microbiological study of diabetic foot ulcer in a south Indian tertiary care hospital. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res 2016; 37: 167-170
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 12 Oyibo SO, Jude EB, Tarawneh I, Nguyen HC, Armstrong DG, Harkless LB. et al. The effects of ulcer size and site patient's age sex and type and duration of diabetes on the outcome of diabetic foot ulcers. Diabet Med 2001; 18: 133-138
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 13 Kavitha KV, Tiwari S, Purandare VB, Khedkar S, Bhosale SS, Unnikrishnan AG. Choice of wound care in diabetic foot ulcer: A practical approach. World J Diabetes 2014; 5: 546-556
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 14 Jithendranath A, Hegadi S, Bhai G, Bhargavi L, Bai R, Vishu T. bacteriological profile of diabetic foor in a tertiary care centre in Trivandrum, India. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 2016; 5: 279-286
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 15 Tiwari S, Pratyush DD, Dwivedi A, Gupta SK, Rai M, Singh SK. Microbiological and clinical characteristics of diabetic foot infections in northern india. J Infect Dev Ctries 2012; 6: 329-332
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 16 Sekhar S, Vyas N, Unnikrishnan M, Rodrigues G, Mukhopadhyay C. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in diabetic foot ulcer: A pilot study. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2014; 4: 742-745
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 17 Islam S, Cawich SO, Budhooram S, Harnarayan P, Mahabir V, Ramsewak S. et al. Microbial profile of diabetic foot infections in trinidad and tobago. Prim Care Diabetes 2013; 7: 303-308
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 18 Chavan SK, Karande GS, Mohite RV. Clinico-bacteriological profile of diabetic foot ulcer among patients attending rural tertiary health care centre. Int J Med Res Health Sci 2014; 3: 861-885
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 19 Manisha J, Mitesh P, Nidhi S, Dhara M, Vegad M. Spectrum of microbial flora in diabetic foot ulcer and its antibiotic sensitivity pattern in tertiary care hospital in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. N J Med Res 2012; 2: 354-357
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 20 Shanmugam P, M J. Susan S L. The bacteriology of diabetic foot ulcers, with a special reference to multidrug resistant strains. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7: 441-445
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 21 Iyanar K, Premavathy R, Sambandam C, Jayalakshmi M, Sruthi P, Shantha S. Isolation and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria from foot infections in the patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 in the district of Kancheepuram, Tanil Nadu, India. Int J Res Med Sci 2014; 2: 457-461
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 22 Sugandhi P, Prasanth DA. Microbiological profile of bacterial pathogens from diabetic foot infections in tertiary care hospitals, salem. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2014; 8: 129-132
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 23 Al Benwan K, Al Mulla A, Rotimi VO. A Study of the microbiology of diabetic foot infections in a teaching hospital in kuwait. J Infect Public Health 2012; 5: 1-8
    CrossrefSuche in Google Scholar
  • 24 Banu A, Noorul Hassan MM, Rajkumar J, Srinivasa S. Spectrum of bacteria associated with diabetic foot ulcer and biofilm formation: A prospective study. Australas Med J 2015; 8: 280-285
    Suche in Google Scholar