Download PDF
Thromb Haemost 1992; 68(06): 642-647
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1646336
Original Article
Schattauer GmbH Stuttgart

Tissue Factor Localization in Non-Human Primate Cerebral Tissue

Gregory J del Zoppo
1   The Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Foundation, La Jolla, California, USA
,
Jian-Qing Yu
1   The Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Foundation, La Jolla, California, USA
,
Brian R Copeland
1   The Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Foundation, La Jolla, California, USA
,
Winston S Thomas
1   The Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Foundation, La Jolla, California, USA
2   The Division of Vascular and Thoracic Surgery The Scripps Research Foundation, La Jolla, California, USA
,
Jacob Schneiderman
2   The Division of Vascular and Thoracic Surgery The Scripps Research Foundation, La Jolla, California, USA
,
James H Morrissey
3   The Cardiovascular-Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received 19 August 1991

Accepted after revision 03 July 1992

Publication Date:
04 July 2018 (online)

  PDF Download  Permissions and Reprints

Summary

Tissue factor (TF), the principal procoagulant of human brain, resides in specific regions of the non-human primate central nervous system. Immunohistochemical studies employing murine anti-human TF monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) detected TF antigen in the cortex, basal ganglia, cerebellum, and cervical spinal cord in three normal baboon subjects. Although significantly less prominent than human cortical gray matter, a distinct partition of TF in gray matter >white matter was noted. The gray matter predilection of TF was confirmed in primate temporal and parietal lobe cortex by both sandwich ELISA and one-stage coagulation assay. Variation in the relative quantity of TF antigen was observed by ELISA among the three subjects studied. Procoagulant activity followed the pattern of TF antigen (cortical gray matter >basal ganglia ≥cerebellum >cortical white matter), and was 96.5–98.5% inhibitable by a function inhibiting anti-human TF MoAb combination. TF antigen was associated with the microvasculature of all cerebral tissues studied, and spared capillaries most selectively in the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. These findings suggest a highly specific ordering of TF antigen and related procoagulant activity in the central nervous system of the baboon, confined primarily to gray matter parenchyma, and to the non-capillary microvasculature.

 

  • REFERENCES

  • 1 Goodnight SH, Kenoger G, Rapaport SJ, Patch MJ, Lee JA, Kurze T. Defibrination after brain tissue destruction. N Engl J Med 1974; 290: 1043-1047
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Olson JD, Kaufman HH, Moake J, O’Gorman TW, Hoots K, Wagner K, Brown CK, Gildenberg PL. The incidence and significance of hemostatic abnormalities in patients with head injuries. Neurosurgery 1989; 24: 825-831
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Keimourtz RM, Annis BL. Disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with massive brain injury. J Neurosurg 1973; 39: 178-180
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Noormaa U, Tikk A. Cerebrovascular intravascular coagulation and increased platelet coagulation as mechanisms of cerebral ischemia in patients with acute cerebrovascular diseases and brain injury. Acta Neurol Scand 1979; 60 (Suppl 72): 630-631
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Giddings JC. Hereditary coagulation disorders: Laboratory techniques. In: Blood Coagulation and Haemostasis. 2nd ed. Thomson JM. (ed) Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh: 1980. pp 119-120
    Google Scholar
  • 6 Girolami A, Falezza G, Patrossi G, Stenico M, Vettore L. Factor VII Verona coagulation disorder: Double heterozygosis with an abnormal factor VII and heterozygous factor VII deficiency. Blood 1977; 50: 603-610
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Girolami A, Cattarozzi G, Dal Bo Zanon R, Chiotti Q, Bunul A. Factor VII Padua2: Another factor VII abnormality with defective ox brain thromboplastin activation and a complex hereditary pattern. Blood 1979; 54: 46-53
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Nemerson Y. The reaction between bovine brain tissue factor and factors VII and X. Biochemistry 1966; 5: 601-608
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Challa VR. Cerebral tissue emboli and D1C. J Neurosurg 1980; 53: 581-582
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Pretorius ME, Laufmann HH. Rapid onset of delayed traumatic intracerebral haematoma with diffuse intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis. Acta Neurochir 1982; 65: 103
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Bach RR. Initiation of coagulation by tissue factor. CRC Crit Rev Biochem 1988; 23: 339-368
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Mackman N, Morrissey JA, Fowler B, Edgington TS. Complete sequence of the human tissue factor gene, a highly regulated cellular receptor that initiates the coagulation protease cascade. Biochemistry 1989; 28: 1755-1762
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Morrissey JH, Fair DS, Edgington TS. Monoclonal analysis of purified and cell-associated tissue factor. Thromb Res 1988; 52: 247-261
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Morrissey JH, Revak D, Tejada P, Fair DS, Edgington TS. Resolution of monomeric and heterodimeric forms of tissue factor, the high affinity cellular receptor for factor VII. Thromb Res 1988; 50: 481-493
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 del Zoppo GJ, Yu JQ, Morrissey JH, Copeland BR. Tissue factor localization in the cerebral gray matter and microvasculature of the non-human primate. Thromb Haemostas 1991; 65: 682
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Drake T, Morrissey JH, Edgington TS. Selective cellular expression of tissue factor in human tissues: Implications for disorders of hemostasis and thrombosis. Am J Pathol 1989; 134: 1087-1097
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Fleck RA, Ro LVM, Rapaport SI, Varki N. Localization of human tissue factor antigen by immunostaining with monospecific, polyclonal anti-human tissue factor antibody. Thromb Res 1990; 57: 765-782
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Colucci M, Balconi G, Lorenzet R, Pietra A, Locati D, Donati MB, Semeraro N. Cultured human endothelial cells generate tissue factor in response to endotoxin. J Clin Invest 1983; 71: 1893-1896
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Gramziroki RA, Broze Jr GJ, Carson SD. Human fibroblast tissue factor is inhibited by lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor and placental anticoagulant protein but not by apolipoprotein A-11. Blood 1989; 73: 983-989
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Gregory SA, Morrissey JH, Edgington TS. Regulation of issue factor expression in the monocyte procoagulant response to endotoxin. Mol Cell Biol 1989; 9: 2752-2755
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Taylor Jr FB, Chang A, Ruf W, Morrissey JH, Hinshaw L, Catlett R, Blick K, Edgington TS. Lethal E.coli septic shock is prevented by blocking tissue factor with monoclonal antibody. Circ Shock 1991; 33: 127-134
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Van Mourik JA, Leeksma OC, Reinders JD, de Groot PG, Landbergen-Spargaren J. Vascular endothelial cells synthesize a plasma membrane protein indistinguishable from the platelet membrane glycoprotein IIa. J Biol Chem 1985; 260: 11300-11306
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Berliner S, Niiya K, Roberts JR, Houghten RA, Ruggeri ZM. Generation and characterization of peptide-specific antibodies that inhibit von Willebrand factor binding to glycoprotein IIb – IIIa without interacting with other adhesive molecules. J Biol Chem 1988; 263: 7500-7505
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Johnson DA, Gautseh JW, Sportsman JR, Elder JH. Improved technique utilizing nonfat dry milk for analysis of proteins and nucleic acids transferred to nitrocellulose. Gen Anal Techn 1984; 1: 3-8
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 del Zoppo GJ, Schmid-Schönbein GW, Mori E, Copeland BR, Chang C-M. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes occlude capillaries following middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion in baboons. Stroke 1991; 22: 1276-1283
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Phillips HS, Nikolis K, Branton D, Seeburg PH. Immunocytochemical localization in rat brain of a prolactin release-inhibiting sequence of gonadotropin-releasing hormone prohormone. Nature 1985; 316: 542-545
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Mori E, del Zoppo GJ, Chambers D, Copeland BR, Arfors K-E. Inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocyte adherence suppresses no-reflow after focal cerebral ischemia. Stroke 1992; 23: 712-718
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 del Zoppo GJ, Copeland BR, Harker LA, Waltz TA, Zyroff J, Hanson SR, Battenberg E. Experimental acute thrombotic stroke in baboons. Stroke 1986; 17: 1254-1265
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Ham AW, Cormack DH. Arteries and arterioles. In: Histology. J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, PA: 1979. pp 599-606
    Google Scholar
  • 30 Bloem LJ, Chen L, Konigsberg WH, Bach R. Serum stimulation of quiescent human fibroblasts induced the synthesis of tissue factor mRNA followed by the appearance of tissue factor antigen and procoagulant activity. J Cell Physiol 1989; 139: 418-423
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Drake TA, Pang M. Effects of interleukin-1, lipopolysaccharide, and streptococci on procoagulant activity of cultured human cardiac value endothelial and stromal cells. Infect Immun 1989; 57: 507-512
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Niemitz J. Coagulant activity of leukocytes. Tissue factor activity. J Clin Invest 1972; 51: 307-313
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Noguchi M, Sakai T, Kisiel W. Correlation between antigenic and functional expression of tissue factor on the surface of cultured human endothelial cells following stimulation by lipopolysaccharide endotoxin. Thromb Res 1989; 55: 87-97
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Levine S, Hirano A, Zimmerman HM. Hyperacute allergic encephalomyelitis. Am J Pathol 1965; 479: 209-215
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Vaugh DW. The structure of neuroglial cells. In: Cerebral Cortex, Volume 2: Functional Properties of Cortical Cells. Jones EG, Peters A. (eds) Plenum Press, New York, NY: 1984. pp 285-329
    Google Scholar
  • 36 Bona R, Lee E, Rickles F. Tissue factor apoprotein: Intracellular transport and expression in shed membrane vesicles. Thromb Res 1987; 48: 487-500
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Bär T. The vascular system of the cerebral cortex. Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol 1980; 59 (I – VI): 01-62
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Klein B, Kuschinsky W, Schröck H, Vetterlein F. Interdependency of local capillary density, blood flow, and metabolism in rat brains. Am J Physiol 1986; 251: H1333-H1340
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Garcia JH. Thrombosis of cranial veins of sinuses: brain parenchymal effects. In: Cerebral Sinus Thrombosis: Experimental and Clinical Aspects. Einhäupl K, Kempski O, Baethmann A. (eds) Plenum Press, New York, NY: 1990. pp 27-38
    Google Scholar