Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2004; 17(03): 141-145
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1632802
Originel Research
Schattauer GmbH

Kinematics of the elbow and stifle joints in greyhounds during treadmill trotting An investigation of familiarisation

M. R. Owen
1   Department of Companion Animal Studies, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, UK
,
J. Richards
2   Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
,
D. N. Clements
3   Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
,
S. T. Drew
3   Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
,
D. Bennett
3   Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
,
S. Carmichael
3   Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
› Institutsangaben
Sarah Drew was supported by a Nuffield Foundation Undergraduate Research Bursary.
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

Received 16. Dezember 2003

Accepted 22. Februar 2004

Publikationsdatum:
08. Februar 2018 (online)

Summary

We studied the familiarisation time required to obtain reliable sagittal plane kinematics for the elbow and stifle joints in eleven treadmill-naïve greyhounds trotting on a treadmill. Motion analysis software was used to measure sagittal elbow and stifle joint movements and to calculate joint angular velocities. After a twominute walking initiation period, the dogs trotted for two and a half minutes. Three trials of three seconds (27 to 30, 72 to 75 and 117 to 120 seconds) trotting, each comprising four complete strides, were analysed. The angle versus time and angular velocity versus time graphs were plotted. For each stride, angular velocity and angular velocity data at key points during the gait cycle were recorded. These angles corresponded with the flexion and extension angles and the peak angular velocities of the elbow and stifle joints during stance and swing phase. Reliable elbow and stifle joint kinematics were obtained within 30 seconds of trotting, which did not differ significantly over the twominute test period indicating that the dogs had familiarised to the treadmill.

 
  • References

  • 1 Brinkman JR, Perry J. Rate and range of knee motion during ambulation in healthy and arthritic subjects. Phys Ther 1985; 65: 1055-60.
  • 2 Buchner HHF, Savelberg HCM, Schamhardt HC, Merkens HW, Barneveld A. Habituation of horses to treadmill locomotion. Equine Vet J Supple 1994; 17: 13-5.
  • 3 Buchner HHF, Savelberg HCM, Schamhardt HC, Merkens HW, Barneveld A. Kinematics of treadmill versus overground locomotion in horses. Vet Q Suppl 1994; 16: S87-S90.
  • 4 DeCamp CE, Riggs CM, Olivier B, Hauptman JG, Hottinger HA, Soutsas-Little RW. Kinematic evaluation of gait in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Am J Vet Res 1996; 57: 120-6.
  • 5 Decamp CE, Soutaslittle RW, Hauptman J, Olivier B, Braden T, Walton A. Kinematic gait analysis of the trot in healthy greyhounds. Am J Vet Res 1993; 54: 627-34.
  • 6 Derrick TR, Dereu D, McLean SP. Impacts and kinematic adjustments during an exhaustive run. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002; 34: 998-1002.
  • 7 Fredricson I, Drevemo S, Dalin G, Hjerten G, Bjorne K, Rynde R, Franzen G. Treadmill for equine locomotion analysis. Equine Vet J 1983; 15: 111-5.
  • 8 Kadaba MP, Ramakrishnan HK, Wootten ME, Gainey J, Gorton G, Cochran GVB. Repeatability of kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic data in normal adult gait. J Orthop Res 1989; 07: 849-60.
  • 9 Keegan KG, Pai RF, Wilson DA, Smith BK. Signal decomposition method of evaluating head movement to measure induced forelimb lameness in horses trotting on a treadmill. Equine Vet J 2001; 33: 446-51.
  • 10 Keegan KG, Wilson DA, Wilson DJ, Smith B, Gaughan EM, Pleasant RS, Lillich JD, Kramer J, Howard RD, Bacon-Miller C, Davis EG, May KA, Cheramie HS, Valentino WL, van Harreveld PD. Evaluation of mild lameness in horses trotting on a treadmill by clinicians and interns or residents and correlation of their assessments with kinematic gait analysis. Am J Vet Res 1998; 59: 1370-7.
  • 11 Kramer J, Keegan KG, Wilson DA, Smith BK, Wilson DJ. Kinematics of the hind limb in trotting horses after induced lameness of the distal intertarsal and tarsometatarsal joints and intraarticular administration of anaesthetic. Am J Vet Res 2000; 61: 1031-6.
  • 12 Marghitu DB, Kincaid SA, Rumph PF. Nonlinear dynamics stability measurements of locomotion in healthy Greyhounds. Am J Vet Res 1996; 11: 1529-35.
  • 13 Matsas A, Taylor N, McBurney H. Knee joint kinematics from familiarised treadmill walking can be generalised to over ground walking in young unimpaired subjects. Gait & Posture 2000; 11: 46-53.
  • 14 Messier SP, Loeser RF, Hoover JL, Semble EL, Wise CM. Osteoarthritis of the knee effects on gait, strength, and flexibility. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1992; 73: 29-36.
  • 15 Off W, Matis U. Gait analysis in dogs. (German). Tierarztl Prax 1997; 25: 8-14.
  • 16 Off W, Matis U. Gait analysis in dogs. 2: Installation of a gait analysis laboratory and locomotion studies. (German). Tierarztl Prax 1997; 25: 303-11.
  • 17 Richards JD, Pramanik A, Sykes L, Pomeroy VM. A comparison of knee kinematic characteristics of stroke patients and age-matched healthy volunteers. Clin Rehabil 2003; 17: 56571.
  • 18 Schieb DA. Kinematic accommodation of novice treadmill runners. Res Q Exerc Sport 1986; 57: 1-7.
  • 19 Taylor NF, Evans OM, Goldie PA. Angular movements of the lumbar spine and pelvis can reliably be measured after 4 minutes of treadmill walking. Clin Biomech 1996; 11: 484-6.
  • 20 Vilensky JA, O’Connor BL, Brandt KD, Dunn EA, Rogers PI. Serial kinematic analysis of the trunk and limb joints after anterior cruciate ligament transaction – temporal, spatial, and angular changes in a canine model of osteoarthritis. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 1994; 04: 181-92.
  • 21 Vilensky JA, O’Connor BL, Brandt KD, Dunn EA, Rogers PI, DeLong CA. Serial kinematic analysis of the unstable knee after transection of the anterior cruciate ligament – temporal and angular changes in a canine model of osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res 1994; 12: 229-37.
  • 22 Vilensky JA, O’Connor BL, Brandt KD, Dunn EA, Rogers PI. Serial kinematic analysis of the canine hindlimb joints after deafferentation and anterior cruciate ligament transection. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 1997; 05: 173-82.
  • 23 Wall JC, Charteris J. A kinematic study of longterm habituation to treadmill walking. Ergonomics 1981; 24: 531-42.