Transkranielle Magnetstimulation und Gleichstromstimulation in der Migräneforschung

Zusammenfassung

Die transkranielle Magnetstimulation und die transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation sind Verfahren zur nicht invasiven, externen Stimulation des Gehirns. Sie können je nach angewandter Technik inhibierende oder fazilitierende Effekte haben. In der Migräneforschung sind sie zur Untersuchung der kortikalen Hyperexzitabilität eingesetzt worden. In der klinischen Forschung ist ihr Effekt sowohl in der Akuttherapie als auch in der prophylaktischen Therapie untersucht worden. Dabei zeigten sich widersprüchliche Ergebnisse. Die beste Evidenz zeigte sich noch in der Akuttherapie der Migräne mit Aura. Weitere Sham-kontrollierte Studien sind notwendig, um den Stellenwert dieser Verfahren abschließend beurteilen zu können.

Summary

Transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation are new techniques for a non-invasive external stimulation of the brain. They show both inhibiting and facilitating effects depending on the stimulation parameters. In migraine research, these techniques have first been used to study cortical hyperexcitability. In clinical research, the efficacy of both methods has been studied for the acute and for the prophylactic treatment with conflicting results. The best evidence has been shown for the acute treatment of migraine attacks with aura. Further sham-controlled trials are necessary to evaluate the relevance of these techniques in migraine treatment.

Schlüsselwörter

Transkranielle Magnetstimulation - transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation - Migräne

Keywords

Transcranial magnetic stimulation - transcranial direct current stimulation - migraine

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