Positronen-Computertomographie: Eine neue Methode zur quantitativen Bestimmung von Stoffwechsel, Durchblutung und Funktion des Herzens

Die Positronen-Computertomographie stellt eine neue Methode dar, mit der physiologische Prozesse in verschiedenen Organen auf molekularer Ebene qualitativ und quantitativ erfaßt werden. So eröffnet dieses „physiologische Tomographieverfahren” z. B. im Herz die Möglichkeit, regional den myokardialen Stoffwechsel, die myokardiale Perfusion sowie die globale und regionale Myokardfunktion auf nicht-invasive Weise zu messen. Dieser einzigartige Vorzug, gleichzeitig die gegenseitige Abhängigkeit der Parameter Perfusion, Stoffwechsel und Funktion voneinander zu untersuchen, wird zukünftig das Verständnis von physiologischen und pathophysiologischen Vorgängen im Herzen erweitern und eventuell eine neue Einsicht im Verständnis kardialer Erkrankungen gewähren. Da eine große Anzahl der Herzerkrankungen auf Störungen im zellulären oder metabolischen Bereich zurückgehen, könnte diese neue Methode besonders der Früherkennung und einer eventuell damit verbundenen frühzeitigen Therapie von Herzerkrankungen dienlich sein. Mit Verbesserungen auf dem Sektor der Instrumentierung sowie der Entwicklung neuer physiologischer Indikatoren und vor allem kleiner, generatorähnlicher Zyklotrone dürfte die Positronen-Computertomographie zukünftig in größeren Zentren breite klinische Anwendung finden.

Positron computed tomography represents a new method which permits qualitative and quantitative assessment of physiologic processes in different organs on a molecular basis. Thus this ‘physiologic imaging device’ enables noninvasive detection of regional myocardial metabolism, perfusion and global as well as regional myocardial function. The unique capability of simultaneous measurement of the interdependent parameters perfusion, metabolism and function will provide new insights in physiologic and pathophysiologic processes of the heart and, hence, in the understanding of heart disease. Since a great number of cardiac disorders is related to disturbances at the cellular and metabolic level, this new method may contribute to the early detection and eventually to an early treatment of heart disease. With improvements in instrumentation as well as the development of new physiologic indicators and small generator-like cyclotrons, positron computed tomography will become clinically more widespread in various medical centers.

¹ Herrn Prof. Dr. H. Blömer zum 60. Geburtstag.

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