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Thromb Haemost 2003; 89(02): 278-283
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1613443
Blood Coagulation, Fibrinolysis and Cellular Haemostasis
Schattauer GmbH

Predisposing factors for enlargement of intracerebral hemorrhage in patients treated with warfarin

Masahiro Yasaka
,
Kazuo Minematsu
1   Cerebrovascular Division, Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
,
Hiroaki Naritomi
1   Cerebrovascular Division, Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
,
Toshiyuki Sakata
1   Cerebrovascular Division, Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
,
Takenori Yamaguchi
1   Cerebrovascular Division, Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
› Author Affiliations Financial Support: This study was partially supported by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (12A-1 and 12C-2).
Further Information

Publication History

Received 20 October 2002

Accepted after revision 06 December 2002

Publication Date:
07 December 2017 (online)

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Summary

To elucidate predisposing factors for enlargement of intra-cerebral hematoma (ICH) during warfarin therapy, we reviewed 47 patients on warfarin who developed acute ICH and determined relationships among ICH enlargement, INR reversal and clinical data. Among 36 patients treated to counteract the effects of warfarin within 24 h of onset, ICH increased in 10 patients (enlarged group), but remained unchanged in the remaining 26 (unchanged group), while ICH remained unchanged in another 11 patients in whom the effect of warfarin was reversed after 24 h. The international normalized ratio (INR) was counteracted immediately in 11 patients treated with prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) but gradually in the other 36 treated by reducing the dose of warfarin, or by administering vitamin K or fresh frozen plasma. Multivariate analysis with a logistic regression model showed an INR value <2.0 at admission or for 24 h after immediate INR correction with PCC prevented ICH enlargement (OR 0.069, 95%CI 0.006-0.789, p = 0.031). An INR value of >2.0 within 24 h of ICH seems an important predisposing factor for ICH enlargement.

Keywords

Intracerebral hematoma - warfarin - prothrombin complex concentrate - international normalized ratio
 

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