The Impact and Management of Subclinical Hypothyroidism for Improving Reproductive Outcomes such as Fertility and Miscarriage

Abstract

Subclinical hypothyroidism has been found to be associated with adverse reproductive outcomes, such as infertility, miscarriage, preterm birth, and complications of pregnancy. Multiple studies have investigated the relationships between thyroid function, thyroid antibodies, fertility, and pregnancy. Thyroid autoimmunity is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in iodine-sufficient locations. Thyroid antibodies have been associated with adverse reproductive outcomes such as miscarriage and infertility. Debate exists regarding the method of identification of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy, which can be conducted by targeted screening or by universal screening. Multiple professional societies have issued recommendations for the evaluation and treatment of thyroid dysfunction and pregnancy.

Keywords

subclinical hypothyroidism - antithyroid antibodies - miscarriage - fertility - pregnancy

• References

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