Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia: Brazilian Neurosurgery 2016; 35(04): 291-295
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1592411
Review Article | Artigo de Revisão
Thieme Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Biomaterials for Reconstruction of Cranial Defects

Biomateriais para reconstrução de defeitos cranianos
Aderaldo Costa Alves Junior
1   Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (FMB – UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
,
Pedro Tadao Hamamoto Filho
1   Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (FMB – UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
,
Aristides Augusto Palhares Neto
2   Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (FMB – UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
,
Marco Antonio Zanini
1   Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (FMB – UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

16 July 2016

30 August 2016

Publication Date:
25 October 2016 (online)

Abstract

Cranioplasty is defined as the surgical repair of a cranial defect to restore the structure and function of the skull. Archaeological records show attempts of cranioplasty since the dawn of human civilization, but until today there is no consensus among neurosurgeons around the world-regarding the best material for cranioplasty. Relocation of the originally removed bone graft is still the best option, but is not always available. In modern cranioplasty, different materials can be used for the repair of cranial defects, such as metals, plastics, acrylics, and ceramics. Recent studies have sought to identify which materials provide the best long-term results, but scientific evidence is poor. Presurgical decisions must consider the experience of the surgical service and the individual conditions of the patient. In this study, we discuss the main characteristics of the materials used today for the reconstruction of cranial defects.

Resumo

A cranioplastia é definida como o reparo cirúrgico de um defeito craniano, com o objetivo de restaurar a estrutura e a função do crânio. Evidências arqueológicas demonstram tentativas de cranioplastia desde os primórdios da civilização humana, porém ainda hoje não há consenso entre neurocirurgiões de todo o mundo a respeito do melhor material para a cranioplastia. Realocar o enxerto ósseo originalmente removido ainda é a melhor opção, porém nem sempre é uma possibilidade. Na cranioplastia moderna, diferentes materiais podem ser utilizados para reparar o defeito craniano, tais como metais, plásticos, acrílicos e cerâmicas. Estudos recentes vêm buscando identificar quais os materiais com melhores resultados em longo prazo; entretanto, as evidências científicas são escassas. Decisões pré-cirúrgicas devem levar em consideração a experiência do serviço cirúrgico e as condições individuais do paciente. Neste estudo discutimos as principais características dos materiais utilizados para o reparo de defeitos cranianos na atualidade.

 
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