Synthesis 2017; 49(13): 2803-2818
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1589019
short review
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Intramolecular Oxidative Palladium-Catalyzed Amination Involving Double C–H Functionalization of Unactivated Olefins

Gianluigi Broggini*
a   Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università dell’Insubria, via Valleggio 11, 22100, Como, Italy   eMail: gianluigi.broggini@uninsubria.it
,
Tea Borelli
a   Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università dell’Insubria, via Valleggio 11, 22100, Como, Italy   eMail: gianluigi.broggini@uninsubria.it
,
Sabrina Giofré
b   DISFARM, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica ‘A. Marchesini’ Università degli Studi di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
,
Alberto Mazza
b   DISFARM, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica ‘A. Marchesini’ Università degli Studi di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
› Institutsangaben
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

Received: 16. Februar 2017

Accepted after revision: 06. April 2017

Publikationsdatum:
15. Mai 2017 (online)


Abstract

Intramolecular palladium-catalyzed amination reactions are becoming important tools for the synthesis of various nitrogen-containing­ heterocycles. This account highlights the developments achieved in this field by domino processes in oxidative conditions using unactivated olefins, due to their advantages in terms of step economy and efficiency. These reactions involve the change of oxidation state in the palladium intermediate, requiring the presence of an oxidizing agent to regenerate the catalytic cycle. This kind of additive is essential for the success of the reaction and it can also furnish nucleophilic species that are incorporated into the final product. Reactions can occur at either the intra/intra- or intra/intermolecular level, providing valuable methodologies for the preparation of (poly)heterocyclic scaffolds. Besides, procedures based on the use of strengthened catalytic systems, more recently, disclosed intriguing conditions have enlarged the possibility to modulate the substrate reactivity. Perspectives in this field are directed to the discovery of new reaction conditions, focusing on the employment of oxidatively stable ligands useful for the asymmetric catalysis­.

1 Introduction

2 Carboamination Reactions

2.1 Pd(0)/Pd(II)

2.2 Pd(II)/Pd(IV)

3 Aminooxygenation Reactions

3.1 Pd(0)/Pd(II)

3.2 Pd(II)/Pd(IV)

4 Diamination Reactions

4.1 Pd(0)/Pd(II)

4.2 Pd(II)/Pd(IV)

5 Aminohalogenation Reactions

5.1 Pd(0)/Pd(II)

5.2 Pd(II)/Pd(IV)

6 Conclusions

 
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