Download PDF
Int J Sports Med 2017; 38(08): 613-619
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1565238
Training & Testing
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Reliability of the Three-minute All-out Test for Non-motorized Treadmill Tethered Running

M. C. T. Gama
1   University of Campinas (UNICAMP), School of Applied Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology (LAFAE), Limeira – SP, Brazil.
,
F.A. B. Sousa
1   University of Campinas (UNICAMP), School of Applied Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology (LAFAE), Limeira – SP, Brazil.
,
I.G. M. dos Reis
1   University of Campinas (UNICAMP), School of Applied Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology (LAFAE), Limeira – SP, Brazil.
,
C. A. Gobatto
1   University of Campinas (UNICAMP), School of Applied Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology (LAFAE), Limeira – SP, Brazil.
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History



accepted after revision 22 October 2015

Publication Date:
13 July 2016 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

The 3-min all-out test was developed and validated on a cycle ergometer using a modification of a linear mathematical equation (1/time vs. power) obtained from the original critical power model. The purpose of this development was to obtain, in a single test, the aerobic and anaerobic capacity parameters and identify the exercise transition moment from heavy to severe intensity. The aim of this study was to propose an adaptation of the all-out 3-min cycle ergometer to a non-motorized treadmill with tethered running. In addition, we tested the reproducibility of this adapted protocol, highlighting the need for mechanical power evaluation using a specific ergometer. Consequently, 10 physically active individuals visited the laboratory 4 times for testing and data collection. The results suggested that the protocol adaptation for the 3-min all-out test for non-motorized treadmill with tethered running was reproducible and feasible. It was also possible to show that the AO3 application in this ergometer ensures the specificity of the sports that involve the running exercise, from assessment of both aerobic and anaerobic parameters, accomplished in a single day of application.

Key words

ergometer - output power - strength - velocity - aerobic capacity and anaerobic capacity

Supplementary Material

 

  • References

  • 1 Bergstrom HC, Housh TJ, Zuniga JM, Camic CL, Traylor DA, Schmidt RJ, Johnson GO. A new single work bout test to estimate critical power and anaerobic work capacity. J Strength Cond Res 2012; 26: 656-663
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Bergstrom HC, Housh TJ, Zuniga JM, Traylor DA, Lewis RW, Camic CL, Schmidt RJ, Johnson GO. Responses during exhaustive exercise at critical power determined from the 3-min all-out test. J Sports Sci 2013; 31: 537-545
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Billat VL, Sirvent P, Py G, Koralsztein JP, Mercier J. The concept of maximal lactate steady state: a bridge between biochemistry, physiology and sport science. Sports Med 2003; 33: 407-426
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Broxterman RM, Ade CJ, Poole DC, Harms CA, Barstow TJ. A single test for the determination of parameters of the speed-time relationship for running. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2013; 185: 380-385
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Burnley M, Doust JH, Vanhatalo A. A 3-min all-out test to determine peak oxygen uptake and the maximal steady state. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006; 38: 1995-2003
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Cheng CF, Yang YS, Lin HM, Lee CL, Wang CY. Determination of critical power in trained rowers using a three-minute all-out rowing test. Eur J Appl Physiol 2012; 112: 1251-1260
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Davies B, Daggett A, Jakeman P, Mulhall J. Maximum oxygen uptake utilising different treadmill protocols. Br J Sports Med 1984; 18: 74-79
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Dassonville J, Beillot J, Lessard Y, Jan J, André AM, Le Pourcelet C, Rochcongar P, Carré F. Blood lactate concentrations during exercise: effect of sampling site and exercise mode. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1998; 38: 39-46
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Dekerle J, Vanhatalo A, Burnley M. Determination of critical power from a single test. Science & Sports 2008; 23: 231-238
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Engel PC, Jones JB. Causes and elimination of erratic blanks in enzymatic metabolite assays involving the use of NAD+ in alkaline hydrazine buffers: improved conditions for the assay of L-glutamate, L-lactate, and other metabolites. Anal Biochem 1978; 88: 475-484
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Falk B, Weinstein Y, Dotan R, Abramson DA, Mann-Segal D, Hoffman JR. A treadmill test of sprint running. Scand J Med Sci Sports 1996; 6: 259-264
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Francis Jr. JT, Quinn TJ, Amann M, LaRoche DP. Defining intensity domains from the end power of a 3-min all-out cycling test. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010; 42: 1769-1775
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Harriss DJ, Atkinson G. Ethical standards in sports and exercise science research: 2014 update. Int J Sports Med 2013; 34: 1025-1028
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Hill DW. The critical power concept. A review. Sports Med 1993; 16: 237-254
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Hopkins WG. Measures of reliability in sports medicine and science. Sports Med 2000; 30: 1-15
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Hughes MG, Doherty M, Tong RJ, Reilly T, Cable NT. Reliability of repeated sprint exercise in non-motorised treadmill ergometry. Int J Sports Med 2006; 27: 900-904
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Johnson TM, Sexton PJ, Placek AM, Murray SR, Pettitt RW. Reliability analysis of the 3-min all-out exercise test for cycle ergometry. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43: 2375-2380
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Jones AM, Vanhatalo A, Burnley M, Morton RH, Poole DC. Critical power: implications for determination of V O2max and exercise tolerance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010; 42: 1876-1890
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Karsten B, Jobson SA, Hopker J, Passfield L, Beedie C. The 3-min Test Does not Provide a Valid Measure of Critical Power Using the SRM Isokinetic Mode. Int J Sports Med 2013; DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1349093.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Lakomy K. The use of a non-motorized treadmill for analysing sprint performance. Ergonomics 1987; 30: 627-637
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Lim JM, Chia MY. Reliability of power output derived from the nonmotorized treadmill test. J Strength Cond Res 2007; 21: 993-996
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Monod H, Scherrer J. The work capacity of a synergic muscular group. Ergonomics 1965; 8: 329-338
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Moritani T, Nagata A, deVries HA, Muro M. Critical power as a measure of physical work capacity and anaerobic threshold. Ergonomics 1981; 24: 339-350
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Papotti M, Zagatto AM, Junior PBF. Utilização do intercepto-y na avaliação da aptidão anaeróbia e predição da performance de nadadores treinados. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 2005; 11: 126-130
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Parker Simpson L, Jones AM, Vanhatalo A, Wilkerson DP. Influence of initial metabolic rate on the power-duration relationship for all-out exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2012; 112: 2467-2473
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Pettitt RW, Jamnick N, Clark IE. 3-min all-out exercise test for running. Int J Sports Med 2012; 33: 426-431
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Szatkowska C, Lakomy M. Adrenergic innervation of swine ovaries in various periods of pregnancy. Pol Arch Weter 1987; 27: 73-80
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Tsuchie H, Kobayashi K, Kanehisa H, Kawakami Y, Iso S, Fukunaga T. Assessment of Sprinting Abilities Using a Resistant Self-driven Treadmill. International Journal of Sport and Health Science 2008; 6: 85-90
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Vanhatalo A, Doust JH, Burnley M. Determination of critical power using a 3-min all-out cycling test. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007; 39: 548-555
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Vanhatalo A, Doust JH, Burnley M. A 3-min all-out cycling test is sensitive to a change in critical power. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008; 40: 1693-1699
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Vanhatalo A, Doust JH, Burnley M. Robustness of a 3 min all-out cycling test to manipulations of power profile and cadence in humans. Exp Physiol 2008; 93: 383-390
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Vanhatalo A, Jones AM. Influence of prior sprint exercise on the parameters of the ‘all-out critical power test’ in men. Exp Physiol 2009; 94: 255-263
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar