Posthemorrhagic loculated hydrocephalus in infant

Abstract

Loculated hydrocephalus (LH) is caused, most frequently, by meningitis or intraventricular hemorrhage. However, uniloculated hydrocephalus caused by neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage is uncommon. We report the case of an infant who developed LH associated with antenatal intraventricular hemorrhage during the neonatal period. LH was suspected by routine ultrasonographic examination at 38 weeks' of gestation. A computerized tomography scan on the 2nd day, after the child was born, confirmed dilatation of the right lateral ventricle. Furthermore, magnetic resonance imaging examination on the 6th day suggested subependymal hemorrhage in right lateral ventricle. At 5 months' of age, the infant underwent endoscopic septum pellucidum perforation for an increase in ventriculomegaly and also the size of the head circumference. However, 2 months after surgery, a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was placed because of reappearance of ventriculomegaly. Examination of the child, when she was 2 years old, showed improvement of ventriculomegaly and the child was making appropriate developmental progress.

Keywords

Loculated hydrocephalus - intraventricular hemorrhage - ventriculo-peritoneal shunt