The Austrian LEAD (Lung hEart sociAL boDy) Study

Zusammenfassung

Die Prävalenz von Asthma und COPD ist steigend und das Interesse zur Erforschung von zugrunde liegenden Risikofaktoren sehr hoch. In den letzten Jahren hat sich wissenschaftlich die Methodik zur Erforschung des natürlichen Verlaufes beider Erkrankungen um Komponenten wie Biomarker, Genetik, Metabolomik und Epidemiologie erweitert. Der natürliche Verlauf der Lungenfunktion, beginnend von der Adoleszenz bis zur Seneszenz, spielt eine wesentliche Rolle in der Entwicklung von diesen obstruktiven Atemwegserkrankungen. Risikofaktoren, passiv (familiäre Anamnese, soziales Umfeld, Umwelt etc.), aktiv (Rauchverhalten, Sozioökonomie, Lifestyle etc.) und Genetik nehmen Einfluss auf die Lungenfunktion und damit auf den natürlichen Verlauf der Lungenfunktion. Es bedarf pulmologischer Kohorten, um 1. potenzielle Risikofaktoren zu definieren (durch Quantifizierung der früh-kindlichen Risikofaktoren, wie genetische Prädisposition und Faktoren, welche in utero und postnatal Einfluss nehmen auf die Lungenfunktion, sowie Evaluierung der Risikofaktoren in der Kindheit, welche zur Reduktion der Lungenfunktion führen) und 2. um prospektiv in jüngeren Altersgruppen der COPD frühe Risikofaktoren zu detektieren.

Die Austrian LEAD Study wurde 2012 initiiert, um den natürlichen Verlauf der Lungenfunktion in einer repräsentativen österreichischen Population zu untersuchen.

Abstract

More research is needed to elucidate natural history and underlying pathomechanisms of the most common airway diseases, Asthma and COPD. In the last decade risk factors affecting the natural history of lung function, defined by the decline of lung function over time, have been evaluated. Moreover, scientific methods have been extended and novel biomarkers, genetics, metabolomics, and epidemiology are dominant tools for investigating the natural history of lung function and potential risk factors. Evidence shows that lung function in childhood is a predictor for lung function in adulthood and risk factors starting in utero contribute to lung function decline during life. Therefore, recently it has been hypothesized that COPD begins in childhood. Thus, prospective investigation of lung function changes including novel scientific methodology has been advocated. The Austrian LEAD study has been initiated in the general population 2012 to investigate the natural history of obstructive airway diseases.

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