Thermoablation

Zusammenfassung

Für bildgesteuerte thermische Ablationsverfahren sind mittlerweile multiple Applikationsarten und ‑systeme kommerziell verfügbar. In diesem Beitrag werden zunächst die Grundlagen der Radiofrequenzablation (RFA), der Mikrowellenablation (MWA), des hochintensiven fokussierten Ultraschalls (HIFU), der Kryoablation (Kryo) und der irreversiblen Elektroporation (IRE) beleuchtet. Im Weiteren gibt der Artikel einen Überblick über die Indikationen, den therapeutischen Nutzen und die Risiken der thermischen Ablationsverfahren in den wichtigsten Organgebieten.

Abstract

For image-guided thermal ablation multiple devices with different applicators and generators are now commercially available. In this paper, we explain the basic principles of thermal ablation with radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), cryoablation (cryo) and irreversible electroporation (IRE). In addition, this article gives an overview of indications, treatment benefits and risks of thermal ablation in the current clinical indications.

Keywords

Thermal ablation - principles - radiofrequency ablation - primary and secondary tumors - liver - kidney - lung

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