PDF herunterladen
Facial Plast Surg 2014; 30(04): 380-393
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1383556
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Biplanar Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System Imbrication Rhytidectomy

Daniel E. Rousso
1   Rousso Facial Plastic Surgery Clinic, Birmingham, Alabama
,
Kimberley D. Rutherford
2   Ear, Nose, & Throat Surgeons of Western New England, Springfield, Massachusetts
› Institutsangaben
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
30. Juli 2014 (online)

Auch verfügbar auf
    Lizenzen und Reprints

Abstract

Rhytidectomy techniques have evolved significantly since the procedure's introduction in the early 20th century. Significant advancements in rhytidectomy techniques occurred in the 1960s and 1970s with the description of the subfascial rhytidectomy, the identification of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS), and development of the SMAS flap. The incorporation of fascial undermining and suspension techniques have significantly improved the longevity and natural appearance of the facelift operation. More aggressive techniques including subperiosteal, composite, and deep plane techniques have been developed in the pursuit of the perfect facelift procedure. On the basis of over 25 years of clinical and surgical experience, a biplane SMAS imbrication rhytidectomy provides a natural, unstretched, and refreshed appearance resulting in high patient satisfaction. This article will present a detailed description of the rationale, technique, and nuances of the biplanar SMAS imbrication rhytidectomy. While the management of the platysma may vary depending on individual patient characteristics, the extent of subcutaneous, sub-SMAS, and neck dissection employed using the biplanar SMAS imbrication rhytidectomy minimizes patient complications and allows a relatively rapid recovery.

Keywords

rhytidectomy - facelift - SMAS - biplanar facelift - Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System Suspension Rhytidectomy
 

  • References

  • 1 Skoog T. Plastic surgery: the aging face. In Skoog T, , ed. Plastic surgery: new methods and refinements. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1974: 300-330
    Google Scholar
  • 2 Mitz V, Peyronie M. The superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS) in the parotid and cheek area. Plast Reconstr Surg 1976; 58 (1) 80-88
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Lemmon ML, Hamra ST. Skoog rhytidectomy: a five-year experience with 577 patients. Plast Reconstr Surg 1980; 65 (3) 283-297
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Hamra ST. The deep-plane rhytidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg 1990; 86 (1) 53-61 , discussion 62–63
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Baker SR. Deep plane rhytidectomy and variations. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2009; 17 (4) 557-573 , vi
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Baker DC. Lateral SMASectomy, plication and short scar facelifts: indications and techniques. Clin Plast Surg 2008; 35 (4) 533-550 , vi
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Choucair RJ, Hamra ST. Extended superficial musculaponeurotic system dissection and composite rhytidectomy. Clin Plast Surg 2008; 35 (4) 607-622 , vii
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Leach JL. Facelift. Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology 2007; 18: 189-194
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Perkins SW, Patel AB. Extended superficial muscular aponeurotic system rhytidectomy: a graded approach. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2009; 17 (4) 575-587 , vi
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Matarasso A, Elkwood A, Rankin M, Elkowitz M. National plastic surgery survey: face lift techniques and complications. Plast Reconstr Surg 2000; 106 (5) 1185-1195 , discussion 1196
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Chang S, Pusic A, Rohrich RJ. A systematic review of comparison of efficacy and complication rates among face-lift techniques. Plast Reconstr Surg 2011; 127 (1) 423-433
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Wachholz JH. Surgical treatment of the heavy face and neck. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2009; 17 (4) 603-611 , vii
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Caplin DA, Perlyn CA. Rejuvenation of the aging neck: current principles, techniques, and newer modifications. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2009; 17 (4) 589-601 , vi–vii
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Prendergast PM. Anatomy of the face and neck. In: Shiffman MA, Giuseppe AD, eds. Cosmetic Surgery Art and Technique. New York, NY: Springer; 2013: 29-40
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Moyer JS, Baker SR. Complications of rhytidectomy. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2005; 13 (3) 469-478
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Owsley JQ, Agarwal CA. Safely navigating around the facial nerve in three dimensions. Clin Plast Surg 2008; 35 (4) 469-477 , v
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Terella AM, Wang TD. Technical considerations in endoscopic brow lift. Clin Plast Surg 2013; 40 (1) 105-115
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Ginsberg LE, Eicher SA. Great auricular nerve: anatomy and imaging in a case of perineural tumor spread. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2000; 21 (3) 568-571
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Dedo DD. “How I do it”—plastic surgery. Practical suggestions on facial plastic surgery. A preoperative classification of the neck for cervicofacial rhytidectomy. Laryngoscope 1980; 90 (11 Pt 1) 1894-1896
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 McCollough EG, Ha CD. The McCollough Facial Rejuvenation System: expanding the scope of a condition-specific algorithm. Facial Plast Surg 2012; 28 (1) 102-115
    Artikel in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 McCollough EG, Perkins S, Thomas JR. Facelift: panel discussion, controversies, and techniques. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2012; 20 (3) 279-325
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Pitanguy I, Machado BH. Facial rejuvenation surgery: a retrospective study of 8788 cases. Aesthet Surg J 2012; 32 (4) 393-412
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Grover R, Jones BM, Waterhouse N. The prevention of haematoma following rhytidectomy: a review of 1078 consecutive facelifts. Br J Plast Surg 2001; 54 (6) 481-486
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Niamtu III J. Expanding hematoma in face-lift surgery: literature review, case presentations, and caveats. Dermatol Surg 2005; 31 (9 Pt 1) 1134-1144 , discussion 1144
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Rees TD, Barone CM, Valauri FA, Ginsberg GD, Nolan III WB. Hematomas requiring surgical evacuation following face lift surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 1994; 93 (6) 1185-1190
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Straith RE, Raju DR, Hipps CJ. The study of hematomas in 500 consecutive face lifts. Plast Reconstr Surg 1977; 59 (5) 694-698
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Baker DC. Complications of cervicofacial rhytidectomy. Clin Plast Surg 1983; 10 (3) 543-562
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Riefkohl R, Wolfe JA, Cox EB, McCarty Jr KS. Association between cutaneous occlusive vascular disease, cigarette smoking, and skin slough after rhytidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg 1986; 77 (4) 592-595
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar