Synthesis 2015; 47(02): 242-248
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1378666
paper
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Gas-Phase Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-ones

Martha Mackay
,
Andrew Nortcliffe
,
Hamish McNab
,
Alison N. Hulme*
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 18 June 2014

Accepted after revision: 18 August 2014

Publication Date:
02 October 2014 (online)


Abstract

Flash vacuum pyrolysis (FVP) at 500–600 °C of 1-substituted pyrazolylaminomethylene derivatives of Meldrum’s acid provides 1-substituted pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-ones in high yields. If the 1-substituent is a tert-butyl group, FVP at 750–850 °C causes elimination of 2-methyl-1-propene to give the parent pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-one.

 
  • References

  • 1 Deceased.
    • 2a Donati D, Ferrini S, Fusi S, Ponticelli F. Synthesis 2003; 2518
    • 2b Hickey DM. B, Ife RJ, Leach CA, Liddle J, Pinto IL, Smith SA, Stanway SJ. Patent PCT Int. Appl. WO 2002030904, 2002 ; Chem. Abstr. 2002, 136, 325424.
    • 2c Kania RS, Bender SL, Borchardt AJ, Braganza JF, Cripps SJ, Hua Y, Johnson MD, Johnson TO. Jr, Luu HT, Palmer CL, Reich SH, Tempczyk-Russell AM, Teng M, Thomas C, Varney MD, Wallace MB. Patent PCT Int. Appl. WO 2001002369, 2001 ; Chem. Abstr. 2001, 134, 100864.
    • 2d Dorn H, Ozegowski R. J. Prakt. Chem. 1982; 324: 557
    • 2e Reimlinger H, Peiren MA, Merenyi R. Chem. Ber. 1970; 103: 3252
    • 2f Dorn H, Zubek A. Chem. Ber. 1968; 101: 3265
    • 2g Checchi S, Papini P, Ridi M. Gazz. Chim. Ital. 1956; 86: 631

      CDK2 inhibitors:
    • 3a Misra RN, Rawlins DB, Xiao HY, Shan W, Bursuker I, Keller KA, Mulheron JG, Sack JS, Tokarski JS, Kimball SD, Webster KR. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2003; 13: 1133
    • 3b Misra RN, Xiao H, Rawlins DB, Shan W, Keller KA, Mulheron JG, Sack JS, Tokarski LS, Kimball SD, Webster KR. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2003; 13: 2405

    • A1 adenosine antagonists:
    • 3c Tuccinardi T, Schenone S, Bondavalli F, Brullo C, Bruno O, Mosti L, Zizzari AT, Tintori C, Manetti F, Ciampi O, Trincavelli ML, Martini C, Martinelli A, Botta M. ChemMedChem 2008; 3: 898

    • CDK1 and CDK4 inhibitors:
    • 3d Sielecki TM, Boylan JF, Benfield PA, Trainor GL. J. Med. Chem. 2000; 43: 1

    • GSK3 inhibitors:
    • 3e Witherington J, Bordas V, Gaiba A, Naylor A, Rawlings AD, Slingsby BP, Smith DG, Takle AK, Ward RW. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2003; 13: 3059

    • CHK1 inhibitors:
    • 3f Matthews TP, Klair S, Burns S, Boxall K, Cherry M, Fisher M, Westwood IM, Walton MI, McHardy T, Cheung KM, Van Montfort R, Williams D, Aherne GW, Garrett MD, Reader J, Collins I. J. Med. Chem. 2009; 52: 4810
  • 4 Fischmann TO, Hurza A, Duca JS, Ramanathan L, Mayhood T, Windsor WT, Le HV, Guzi TJ, Dwyer MP, Paruch K, Doll RJ, Lees E, Parry D, Seghezzi W, Madison V. Biopolymers 2007; 89: 372
  • 5 Clarke D, Mares RW, McNab H. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1997; 1799
  • 6 Review: Gaber AM, McNab H. Synthesis 2001; 2059
  • 7 Iwasawa Y, Kato T, Kawanishi N, Masutani K, Kouta M, Mita T, Nonoshita K, Ohkubo M. patent PCT Int. Appl. WO 2008026769, 2008 ; Chem. Abstr. 2008, 148, 331690.
  • 8 Adapted from: Wager T. Patent PCT Int. Appl. WO 2005000303, 2005 ; Chem. Abstr. 2005, 142, 114054.
    • 9a Adapted from: Niculescu-Duvaz D, Springer CJ, Gill AL, Taylor RD, Marais RM, Dijkstra H, Gaulon C, Menard D, Roman Vela E. Patent PCT Int. Appl. WO 2006043090, 2006 ; Chem. Abstr. 2006, 144, 412508.
    • 9b Suijkerbuijk BM. J. M, Niculescu-Duvaz I, Gaulon C, Dijkstra HP, Niculescu-Duvaz D, Menard D, Zambon A, Nourry A, Davies L, Manne HA, Friedlos F, Ogilvie LM, Hedley D, Lopes F, Preece NP. U, Moreno-Farre J, Raynaud FI, Kirk R, Whittaker S, Marais R, Springer CJ. J. Med. Chem. 2010; 53: 2741
  • 10 McNab H, Stobie I. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1982; 1845
  • 11 Pérez JD, Yranzo GI, Phagouapé LM. Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr. 1986; 129
  • 12 For 1eb and 1fb, the product was contaminated with unreacted starting material as well as the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine isomer, indicating competing N-tert-butyl deprotection prior to ring formation, and hence cyclization via pathway 4 to 5 in Scheme 1 rather than 4 to 1.
  • 13 Chu I, Lynch BM. J. Med. Chem. 1975; 18: 161