Aktuelle Dermatologie 2014; 40(10): 401-403
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1377832
Eine Klinik im Blickpunkt
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Intravascular Histiocytosis Associated with Bacterial Endocarditis

Intravaskuläre Histiozytose in Assoziation mit einer bakteriellen Endokarditis
G. Linkeviciute
1   Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
,
A. Petkevicius
1   Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
,
J. Makstiene
2   Department of Pathological Anatomy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
,
I. Gudinaviciene
2   Department of Pathological Anatomy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
,
S. Valiukeviciene
1   Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
,
G. Mahrle
3   Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
02 October 2014 (online)

Abstract

A 63-year-old woman presented with a 6-month history of malaise, fever, weight loss and violaceous indurated skin patches on her earlobes, elbows, knees, and upper arms. Based on clinical findings and positive Borrelia burgdorferi IgG antibodies, a diagnosis of an inflammatory-edematous stage of Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans could not be excluded. After treatment with Cephalosporin for 3 weeks skin lesions reduced. However, malaise, fever, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated amounts of CRP, ESR, liver enzymes remained. Skin histology and immunohistochemistry revealed vascular proliferation with intravascular cells positive for LCA and marker of histiocytes CD68. According to clinical and immunohistochemical findings intravascular histiocytosis associated with infectious endocarditis was diagnosed. Transoesophageal heart sonography supported a diagnosis of infectious endocarditis. The patient was treated with Benzylpenicillin intravenously for 21 days. Heart valve replacement surgery was performed.

Intravascular histiocytosis (IVH) is a rare reactive cutaneous lesion of unknown pathogenesis. A diagnosis of it may necessitate further clinical evaluation to exclude the possibility of co-existent systemic disease.

Zusammenfassung

Eine 63-jährige Frau klagte bereits 6 Monate über andauernde allgemeine Schwäche, Fieber und Gewichtsverlust sowie rot-blaue Hautstellen auf den Ohrläppchen, Ellenbogen, Oberarmen und Knien. Aufgrund der klinischen Symptome, des positiven Borrelia-burgdorferi-IgG-Tests und dem Verdacht auf Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans wurde eine 3-wöchige Cephalosporin-Antibiotikum-Therapie durchgeführt. Im Anschluss hatten sich Hautläsionen gebessert, Episoden von Fieber, Anämie, Leukopenie, Thrombozytopenie, erhöhte CRP- und BSG-Werte sowie erhöhte Leberenzyme blieben aber bestehen. Bei histologischen und immunhistochemischen Untersuchungen der Läsionen zeigten sich vaskuläre Proliferationen mit den intravaskulär positiven LCA- und CD68-positiven Histiozyten, was zur Diagnose einer intravaskulären Histiozytose (IVH) führte. Mittels transösophagealer Echokardiografie konnte eine septische Endokarditis bestätigt werden. Die Patientin wurde intravenös mit Benzylpenicillin (21 Tage) und chirurgisch mit einem Herzklappenersatz behandelt. Eine IVH ist eine seltene Hautläsion mit unklarer Pathogenese. Bei der Diagnostik ist es sehr wichtig, auch andere assoziierte systemische Krankheiten auszuschließen.

 
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