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Horm Metab Res 2014; 46(11): 804-809
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1375652
Endocrine Care
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Gestational Diabetes Outcome in a Single Center Study: Higher BMI in Children After Six Months

A. B. König
1   Division Endocrinology & Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine 1 and Department of Obstetrics of the University Hospital, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
,
S. Junginger
1   Division Endocrinology & Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine 1 and Department of Obstetrics of the University Hospital, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
,
J. Reusch
1   Division Endocrinology & Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine 1 and Department of Obstetrics of the University Hospital, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
,
F. Louwen
1   Division Endocrinology & Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine 1 and Department of Obstetrics of the University Hospital, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
,
K. Badenhoop
1   Division Endocrinology & Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine 1 and Department of Obstetrics of the University Hospital, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 07 February 2014

accepted 23 April 2014

Publication Date:
27 May 2014 (online)

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to examine obstetric outcomes and metabolic disorders in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their offspring compared to mothers without GDM and their offspring. We performed a retrospective single center cohort study of mothers with GDM using a questionnaire with items concerning the maternal medical history, neonatal complications, and child development. Mothers with gestational diabetes (GDM; n=130) and those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n=77) were recruited. GDM mothers were older (37.58 years vs. 34.32 years, p<0.0001) and had a greater body mass index (25.18 kg/m² vs. 23.37 kg/m², p<0.01). There were no significant differences regarding the mean birth weight, the frequency of Cesarean sections, and the prevalence of macrosomia (> 4 000 g). At follow-up (pediatric U5 screening visit after 6 months of birth) children of mothers with GDM had significantly higher BMI than the children of the NGT group (17.07 kg/m² vs. 16.59 kg/m², p=0.042). GDM women in need of insulin therapy during pregnancy had higher BMI than dieting GDM mothers and experienced more frequently an operative vaginal delivery (17.95% vs. 6.17%, OR 3.23, p=0.04). We found less significant differences between GDM mothers with treatment of impaired glucose tolerance and NGT mothers concerning the neonatal outcome than expected. Despite higher BMI of the GDM group’s offspring at follow-up U5 visit, the children did not show any other development disorder. In conclusion treatment of GDM could minimize the frequency of obstetric and neonatal complications in this risk group.

Key words

body mass index - metabolic syndrome in childhood - insulin in pregnancy
 

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