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Semin Liver Dis 2013; 33(04): 380-388
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1358519
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Lipoprotein Metabolism, Dyslipidemia, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

David E. Cohen
1   Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
,
Edward A. Fisher
2   Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Marc and Ruti Bell Program in Vascular Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
12 November 2013 (online)

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Abstract

Cardiovascular disease represents the most common cause of death in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Patients with NAFLD exhibit an atherogenic dyslipidemia that is characterized by an increased plasma concentration of triglycerides, reduced concentration of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles that are smaller and more dense than normal. The pathogenesis of NAFLD-associated atherogenic dyslipidemia is multifaceted, but many aspects are attributable to manifestations of insulin resistance. Here the authors review the structure, function, and metabolism of lipoproteins, which are macromolecular particles of lipids and proteins that transport otherwise insoluble triglyceride and cholesterol molecules within the plasma. They provide a current explanation of the metabolic perturbations that are observed in the setting of insulin resistance. An improved understanding of the pathophysiology of atherogenic dyslipidemia would be expected to guide therapies aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with NAFLD.

Keywords

triglycerides - cholesterol - apolipoprotein - insulin resistance - cardiovascular disease
 

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