Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2013; 26(04): 207-211
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1356718
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Scholarship in Academic Surgery: History, Challenges, and Ideas for the Future

Sharon L. Stein
1   Department of Surgery, Case Medical Center, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio
› Institutsangaben
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
20. November 2013 (online)

Abstract

The role of academic surgery is changing. Traditional roles of the triple threat researcher, clinician and teacher, were formulated by Osler and improved upon by Boyle in the 1990s. These include application and integration of research to clinical problems. However, new pressures exist on the academic surgeon. Financial pressures rising costs of health care and decreased research funding all need to be addressed. In addition, retention and advancement of faculty is more difficult with increased emphasis of clinical practice in academic medicine. The future of academic medicine will require personal optimization as a multifaceted academician, businessman, and administrator, as well as rethinking how academic medicine may function in the future.

 
  • References

  • 1 Periyakoil VS. What would Osler do?. J Palliat Med 2013; 16 (2) 118-119
  • 2 Stone MJ. The wisdom of Sir William Osler. Am J Cardiol 1995; 75 (4) 269-276
  • 3 Longo LD. William Osler's historical scholarship: a contradiction in terms?. J Med Biogr 2007; 15 (Suppl. 01) 6-10
  • 4 Osler W. “The Fixed Period” in Aequanimitas. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: P. Blakiston's Son & Co; 1925
  • 5 Feliciano DV. Nobel Prize winners who were trained as surgeons. Am Surg 2009; 75 (1) 15-19 , quiz 97
  • 6 Boyer EL. “Scholarship revisited: priorities of the professoriate.”. Stanford, CA: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching; 1990
  • 7 Graduate Medical Education Directory 2005–2006. 90th ed. Chicago, IL: AMA Press; 2005
  • 8 Colbeck C. “Integration: evaluating faculty work as a whole.”. In: Colbeck CL, , ed. Evaluating Faculty Performance. New Directions for Institutional Research, No. 114. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass; 2002
  • 9 Toledo-Pereyra LH. In the pursuit of scholarly activities. J Invest Surg 2010; 23 (6) 335-341
  • 10 Hebert RS, Elasy TA, Canter JA. The Oslerian triple-threat: an endangered species? A survey of department of medicine chairs. Am J Med 2000; 109 (4) 346-349
  • 11 Sklar DP. Financial incentives, health care delivery, and the crucial role of academic medicine. Acad Med 2013; 88 (3) 293-294
  • 12 Mandel HG, Vesell ES. Declines in NIH R01 research grant funding. Science 2008; 322 (5899) 189
  • 13 Kaiser J. Updated: NIH Director, Senator Mikulski warn of sequester's impact on biomedical research. In: Science Insider. Washington, DC: National Institute of Health; 2013
  • 14 Hourlhan M. Brief: federal R&D and sequestration in the first five years. AAAS Analysis September 27, 2012. Available at: www.aaas.org/spp/rd . Accessed April 2013
  • 15 Notice of salary limitations on grants, cooperative agreements and contracts. http://grants.nih.gov/training/careerdevelopmentawards.htm ; Accessed 3/2013
  • 16 Lowenstein SR, Fernandez G, Crane LA. Medical school faculty discontent: prevalence and predictors of intent to leave academic careers. BMC Med Educ 2007; 7: 37
  • 17 Christmas C, Durso SC, Kravet SJ, Wright SM. Advantages and challenges of working as a clinician in an academic department of medicine: academic clinicians' perspective. J Grad Med Ed 2010; 2 (3) 479-484
  • 18 Durso SC, Christmas C, Kravet SJ, Parsons G, Wright SM. Implications of academic medicine's failure to recognize clinical excellence. Clin Med Res 2009; 7 (4) 127-133
  • 19 Aronoff DM. And then there were none: the consequences of academia losing clinically excellent physicians. Clin Med Res 2009; 7 (4) 125-126
  • 20 Arana GW, McCurdy L. Realigning the values of academic health centers: the role of innovative faculty management. Acad Med 1995; 70 (12) 1073-1078
  • 21 Pati S, Reum J, Conant E , et al. Tradition meets innovation: transforming academic medical culture at the University of Pennsylvania's Perelman School of Medicine. Acad Med 2013; 88 (4) 461-464
  • 22 Huber MT. Balancing Acts: The Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Academic Careers. Washington, DC: American Association for Higher Education and Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching; 2004
  • 23 Rayburn WF. Trends in faculty salaries. In: Rayburn WF, Schulkin J, , eds. Changing Landscape of Academic Women's Health Care in the United States. New York, NY: Springer; 2011
  • 24 Alexander H, Long S. Analysis in brief: the long term retention and attrition of US Medical school faculty. Assoc Am Med Coll 2008; 8: 1-12
  • 25 Chia WK, Toh HC. Is cost-effective healthcare compatible with publicly financed academic medical centres?. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2013; 42 (1) 42-48
  • 26 Association of Academic Surgery. Available at www.aasurg.org/. Accessed 3/ 2013
  • 27 Chen H, Kao L , eds. Success in Academic Surgery. Part 1. Houston, TX: Springer; 2012. 17. 258
  • 28 Butcher L. Mentorship program designed to advance women in academic surgery. Bull Am Coll Surg 2009; 94: 6-10
  • 29 American Society of Colorectal Surgery. Available at http://www.fascrs.org/physicians/research_foundation/academic_careers/ . Accessed 3/2013
  • 30 Ponsky J. Surgery for Street Fighters. Colorectal Residents 3rd Annual Career Course. Cleveland, OH; 2012
  • 31 Clark J, Smith R. BMJ Publishing Group to launch an international campaign to promote academic medicine. BMJ 2003; 327 (7422) 1001-1002
  • 32 Awasthi S, Beardmore J, Clark J , et al. The future of academic medicine five scenarios to 2025. Milbank Memorial Fund, USA; 2005. Available at: http://www.milbank.org/uploads/documents/0507FiveFutures/0507FiveFutures.pdf . Accessed March 28, 2013