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DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1352218
Chemical Compositions and Biological Activities of Hypericum neurocalycinum an Endemic Species of Turkey
The genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae) has nearly 100 taxa grouped under 19 sections in Turkey. Among them, 45 taxa are endemic. In this study, chemical composition and biological activities of flowering aerial parts of the H. neurocalycinum an endemic species of Turkey belonging to Taeniocarpium section were determined and compared to H. perforatum. Quantitative determination of 11 major active components were performed by HPLC. The total phenolic and total flavonoids contents, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of the methanolic extracts of H. neurocalycinum (HNM) and H. perforatum (HPM) were investigated. The chemical compositions of the extracts are presented in Table 1. The total phenolic compounds of HNM and HPM were found as 23.11 ± 1.5 mg/g; 34.65 ± 0.9 mg/g and total flavonoid content of HNM and HPM were found as 22.80 ± 1.8 mg/g and 31.80 ± 0.9 mg/g of dry weight, respectively. The antioxidant activity results showed that the extracts have high antioxidant potential (2.74 mM ≥ EC50 values ≥0.288 mM). There was a high correlation between total phenolic, flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity. According to MTT results, the extracts demonstrated very low toxicity at high concentrations against HeLa and NRK-52E cell lines (EC50 values ≥0.541 mg/ml). Concerning the antimicrobial activity results, HNM and HPM have shown the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus, the methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), S. epidermidis. The extracts have no activity against Candida albicans.
Compounds |
H. neurocalycinum (%) |
H. perforatum (%) |
Pseudohypericin |
0.00016 |
0.07475 |
Hypericin |
0.00322 |
0.06729 |
Hyperforin |
- |
3.37501 |
Chlorogenic acid |
0.26033 |
0.00802 |
Rutin |
0.03299 |
1.01533 |
Hyperoside |
0.30434 |
0.49113 |
Isoquercetin |
0.12173 |
0.38795 |
Quercitrin |
0.00482 |
0.00181 |
Kaempferol |
- |
0.13489 |
Quercetin |
0.13809 |
0.12503 |
Amentoflavone |
0.00144 |
0.00582 |