Rofo 2013; 185(9): 869-876
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1350105
Experimentielle Radiologie
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Quantitative 3D Micro-CT Imaging of Human Lung Tissue

Quantitative 3-D-Mikro-CT-Bildgebung von humanem Lungengewebe
M. Kampschulte
1   Department of Radiology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Gießen
,
C. R. Schneider
1   Department of Radiology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Gießen
,
H. D. Litzlbauer
1   Department of Radiology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Gießen
,
D. Tscholl
2   Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
,
C. Schneider
1   Department of Radiology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Gießen
,
C. Zeiner
3   Department of Pathology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
,
G. A. Krombach
1   Department of Radiology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Gießen
,
E. L. Ritman
4   Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
,
R. M. Bohle
3   Department of Pathology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
,
A. C. Langheinrich
5   Department of Radiology, BGU Clinic, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

17 December 2012

02 June 2013

Publication Date:
25 July 2013 (online)

Abstract

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of micro-CT for obtaining quantitative volumetric and morphologic information of changes in soft tissue, respiratory tracts and vascularization in fibrotic, emphysematous and non-diseased human lung specimens.

Materials and Methods: Specimens from autopsy or lung explantation with lung fibrosis of UIP pattern (n = 22) or centrilobular emphysema (n = 10) were scanned by micro-CT and compared to controls (n = 22). Imaging was performed subsequent to intravascular contrast enhancement for the assessment of the vascular volume fraction. The soft tissue and air fraction were quantified after the fixation of ventilated lungs followed by tissue contrast enhancement using osmium. Aiming an artifact-free 3 D reconstruction of lung acini, synchrotron-based micro-CT scans of specimens with emphysema (n = 5) and non-diseased tissue (n = 6) was performed. Micro-CT imaging was complemented by histology for the demonstration of comparable findings.

Results: Quantitative analysis showed a significant increase of the soft tissue fraction, equivalent to a decrease of the air fraction in fibrotic lungs compared to controls (p < 0.001) and a significant reduction of the vascular volume fraction compared to controls (p < 0.02). Specimens with emphysema demonstrated a significant increase of the air fraction with a decrease in soft tissue compared to controls (p < 0.001). 3 D reconstructions of lung acini worked successfully in non-diseased tissue but failed in fibrotic and emphysematous lungs.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate micro-CT’s technical feasibility to assess quantitative and morphological data from diseased and non-diseased human lung specimens.

Citation Format:

  • Kampschulte M, Schneider CR, Litzlbauer HD et al. Quantitative 3D Micro-CT Imaging of Human Lung Tissue. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2013; 185: 869 – 876

Zusammenfassung

Ziel: Ziel der Arbeit war es, anhand von Mikro-CT-Untersuchungen humaner Lungenproben quantitative und morphologische Informationen der Feinstruktur bei vorbestehender Fibrose und Emphysem im Vergleich zu nicht erkranktem Lungengewebe zu gewinnen.

Material und Methoden: Proben von Autopsie- sowie Explantationslungen mit gesicherter Fibrose (n = 22), zentrilobulärem Emphysem (n = 10) bzw. ohne pulmonale Vorerkrankung (n = 22) wurden untersucht. Die Proben wurden intravasal kontrastiert oder in ventilierter Stellung fixiert und mit Osmium kontrastiert. Der Gefäß-, Gewebe- und Luftanteil am Gesamtvolumen der untersuchten Proben wurde ermittelt. Zwecks artefaktfreier 3-D-Rekonstruktion einzelner Lungenazini wurden Proben mit Emphysem (n = 5) bzw. ohne Vorerkrankung (n = 6) im Synchrotron-Mikro-CT untersucht. Die Bildgebung wurde durch histologische Aufarbeitung der Proben ergänzt.

Ergebnisse: Für Proben mit gesicherter Fibrose zeigte sich im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe eine signifikante Zunahme der Gewebeanteile, begleitet von einer Reduktion belüfteter Areale (p < 0.001) sowie eine signifikante Abnahme der Gefäßanteile (p < 0.02). Proben mit vorbestehendem Emphysem zeigten eine signifikante Abnahme des Gewebeanteils bzw. eine Zunahme des Luftanteils am Gesamtvolumen (p < 0.001). Die 3-D-Rekonstruktion einzelner Lungenazini ließ sich erfolgreich in nicht erkranktem Lungenparenchym durchführen, versagte jedoch in der Bearbeitung von Daten der Emphysem- oder Fibroselungen.

Schlussfolgerung: Die Mikro-CT von Proben menschlichen Lungengewebes ist technisch durchführbar und liefert quantitative und morphologische Informationen für die Charakterisierung von Lungenpathologien im Vergleich zu nicht erkranktem Lungengewebe.

 
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