Psychosoziale kindliche Entwicklung nach erfolgreicher reproduktionsmedizinischer Behandlung

Zusammenfassung

Die Entwicklung von Kindern nach assistierter Reproduktion (ART) findet zunehmende Beachtung. Die meisten Arbeiten konzentrieren sich auf Vergleiche zwischen reifgeborenen Einlingen nach ART und reifgeborenen Einlingen nach Spontankonzeption (SC). Bisher vorliegende Studien berichten über häufigere Krankenhausaufenthalte von Kindern nach ART ohne dass eine spezifische Ursache vorlag sowie eine gegenüber Kindern nach SC erhöhte Rate an einer Manifestation von Fehlbildungen, vor allem im Urogenitaltrakt der Jungen. In der kognitiven Entwicklung unterschieden sich Einlinge nicht grundlegend in Abhängigkeit vom Konzeptionsmodus. Unterschiede in Teilleistungsbereichen sind anzutreffen. Das kindliche Verhalten sowie der elterliche Erziehungsstress unterscheiden sich nicht wesentlich in Abhängigkeit vom Konzeptionsmodus. Jugendliche nach Anwendung der ART zeigten im Vergleich zu Jugendlichen nach SC keine Unterschiede in der psychosozialen Anpassung. Die bisherigen Studien bestätigen keine grundlegenden Unterschiede in der psychosozialen Entwicklung bei reifgeborenen Einlingen nach Anwendung der ART im Vergleich zu reifgeborenen Einlingen nach SC.

Abstract

The long-term development of children after assisted reproduction, especially the physical, mental and social development, has attracted increasing interest. Most studies are focused on singletons after ART compared to those after spontaneous conception. A distinction is made between health, cognitive and psychosocial development. Studies report on hospital admissions of children after ART without a specific reason. ART children exhibit an increased manifestation of malformations, especially in the urogenital tract of the boys. The cognitive development of children does not differ fundamentally in singleton preschool children. Child behaviour and parental stress at the of age 5–8 years after ART did not differ significantly to those after spontaneous conception. In a small sample (n=87) after ICS some children were found to have an autistic spectrum disorder. Adolescents after ART were compared to adolescents after SC, no differences in psychosocial adjustment were apparent. Recent studies confirm that there are no fundamental differences in the development of children after ART in comparison to sponta­neously conceived children.

Schlüsselwörter

Reproduktionsmedizin - kindliche Entwicklung - psychosozial

Key words

Successful Infertility Treatment - child development - psychosocial

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