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Innere Medizin up2date 2013; 01(03/04): 189-203
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1344859
Gehirn und Nervensystem
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Nicht-medikamentöse Prophylaxe des Schlaganfalls

Non-medical prevention of stroke
Kerstin Sander
,
Dirk Sander
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
05 December 2013 (online)

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See also:

Nicht medikamentöse Prophylaxe des SchlaganfallsAktuelle Neurologie 2008; 35(06): 302-318
DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1067472

Kernaussagen

  • Nahrungsergänzungsmittel und Antioxidantien reduzieren das Schlaganfallrisiko nicht signifikant.

  • Vitamin A, E und C hat keinen Effekt auf die Schlaganfallprävention und erhöht unter Umständen das kardiovaskuläre Risiko.

  • Restriktion des Salzkonsums führt zu einer effektiven Risikoreduktion für den ischämischen Schlaganfall.

  • Die Mittelmeerdiät stellt durch die ausgewogene Ernährung eine effektive Prävention dar.

  • Die Ergänzung von B-Vitaminen führt zu keiner signifikanten Reduktion des Schlaganfallrisikos.

  • Alkohol, Schokolade und Kaffee in Maßen wirken protektiv.

  • Auch gesunde Patienten ohne kardiovaskuläre Vorgeschichte sollten regelmäßig – bei jeder ärztlichen Vorstellung – zu einer gesunden Lebensführung angehalten werden. Hierzu zählt neben einer ausgewogenen Ernährung mit regelmäßigen Fischgerichten, ausreichend frischem Obst und Gemüse, die Verwendung von Olivenöl und ein sparsamer Umgang mit Salz.

  • Das Risiko eines Rezidiv-Schlaganfalls bei vorausgegangem kryptogenen Schlaganfall und PFO ist gering.

  • Der perkutane Verschluss eines PFO bei kryptogenem Schlaganfall ist der medikamentösen Behandlung nicht überegen.

  • In Einzelfällen kann bei sehr jungen Patienten oder Unverträglickeit von TFH eine Intervention in Erwägung gezogen werden.

 

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