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DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1328625
Was muss der Chirurg über Aus- und Weiterbildung in der Chirurgie wissen?
Principles of Teaching in Surgery – State of the ArtPublication History
Publication Date:
05 August 2013 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Während es noch vor 10–15 Jahren deutlich mehr Bewerber als zu besetzende chirurgische Weiterbildungsstellen gab, leidet die Chirurgie zunehmend unter einem spürbaren Nachwuchsmangel. Immer weniger Ärztinnen und Ärzte entscheiden sich für eine chirurgische Laufbahn. Als wesentlicher Grund wird häufig neben der unausgewogenen „work-life-balance“ des chirurgischen Berufs die als unattraktiv empfundene studentische Lehre angegeben. Viele Hochschullehrer und Weiterbildungsbefugte verfügen nicht über die notwendige pädagogische Ausbildung, um die Medizinstudenten bzw. angehenden Chirurgen für das anspruchsvolle Fach zu begeistern. Eine wesentliche Steigerung der Qualität der Aus- und Weiterbildung ist somit eine der entscheidenden Voraussetzungen, um das Interesse der Studierenden und Weiterbildungsassistenten an der Chirurgie als eines der Kernfächer innerhalb des Kanons der medizinischen Fachdisziplinen zu wecken. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt eine Übersicht moderner Ausbildungskonzepte, um Wissen und praktische Fähigkeiten in der Chirurgie effektiv und attraktiv zu vermitteln. Auf eine Trennung zwischen studentischer Lehre und der Facharztweiterbildung wurde wegen der vielen Parallelen bewusst verzichtet.
Abstract
Ten to 15 years ago the number of applications for a surgical residency position was very much larger than the positions available. Today, this situation has clearly reversed itself as indicated through a noticeable deficit in recruits. The decision to become a surgeon has become more uncommon. This can be blamed upon not only the demotivatingly viewed “work-life imbalance” associated with being a surgeon, but also on the basically non-inspiring training process during medical school. Due to the fact that university educators/instructors are not fundamentally trained teachers, they often fail in their capacity to convey their extensive knowledge to medical students and potentially future surgical residents. The quality of primary as well as postgraduate training is an important central factor in the effort to once again restore the attractive image of surgery within the realm of the medical disciplines. This paper presents an overview of the basic modern training concepts by which every surgeon should be able to effectively convey knowledge and practical skills. Furthermore, this work should inspire a more intensive interest in clinical graduate and postgraduate education. Due to the hand in hand relationship, this manuscript does not differentiate between student teaching and postgraduate training.
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