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DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1290602
Palladium-Catalyzed Benzylic Cross-Couplings of Pyridine N-Oxides
Publication History
Publication Date:
02 March 2012 (online)
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed C-H couplings (C SP ³ -C SP ² ) of pyridine N-oxides with benzyl chloride derivatives is reported. It provides a novel and easy process for the synthesis of 2-benzylpyridine derivatives through benzylic cross-couplings of pyridine N-oxides.
Key words
palladium - benzylation - pyridine N-oxide - C-H couplings
- Supporting Information for this article is available online:
- Supporting Information
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References and Notes
General Procedure:
An 50-mL vial was charged with magnetic stir bar, pyridine N-oxide (1a;
1.5 mmol), benzyl chloride (2a; 1.0 mmol),
Pd(OAc)2 (0.05 mmol), t-Bu3P-HBF4 (0.1
mmol), K2CO3 (2.0 mmol), followed by anhyd toluene
(3 mL). After stirring at 110 ˚C for 16 h, the reaction mixture
was filtered through Celite (washed with MeOH and CH2Cl2).
The combined organic phase was then evaporated under reduced pressure
and the isolated yield was obtained by flash chromatography column
on silica gel (gradient eluent of MeOH in CH2Cl2:
1-5%).
2-Benzylpyridine
N
-Oxide (3aa):
yellow solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.32
(d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.33-7.40 (m,
2 H), 7.28-7.31 (m, 3 H), 6.95-7.19 (m, 2 H),
6.93-6.95 (m, 1 H), 4.28 (s, 2 H).
¹³C
NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 151.9, 139.4,
136.2, 129.7, 128.8, 127.1, 125.8, 125.6, 123.6, 36.5. MS (ESI): m/z = 186.0 [M + 1]+.
HRMS (ESI): m/z [M + H]+ calcd
for C12H12NO+: 186.0919;
found: 186.0913.
2-(2-Methylbenzyl)pyridine
N
-Oxide (3ab): ¹H
NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.32 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.10-7.27 (m,
6 H), 6.71 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1
H), 4.25 (s, 2 H), 2.19 (s, 3 H). ¹³C
NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 151.3, 139.4,
137.2, 134.4, 130.6, 127.5, 126.5, 125.7, 125.9, 125.1, 123.4, 34.4, 19.3.
HRMS (ESI): m/z [M + H]+ calcd
for C13H14NO+: 200.1075;
found: 200.1073.
2-(4-Fluorobenzyl)pyridine
N
-Oxide (3ac):
pale yellow solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.35
(d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 7.19-7.28
(m, 4 H), 6.99-7.07 (m, 3 H), 4.26 (s, 2 H). ¹³C
NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 163.2, 160.7,
151.6, 149.5, 131.9, 131.2, 125.7, 123.7, 123.9, 115.8, 35.8. HRMS
(ESI): m/z [M+H]+ calcd
for C12H11FNO+: 204.0825;
found: 204.0827.
2-(3-Trifluoromethylbenzyl)pyridine
N
-Oxide (3ad): ¹H NMR
(400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 8.28-8.30
(m, 1 H), 7.44-7.55 (m, 4 H), 7.18-7.21 (m, 2
H), 7.00-7.03 (m, 1 H), 4.32 (s, 2 H). ¹³C
NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 150.8, 139.6,
137.3, 137.1, 133.0, 131.2, 130.9, 128.6, 129.3, 126.2, 126.17, 126.13,
126.1, 125.9, 125.7, 125.4, 124.1, 123.99, 123.95, 123.91, 122.66,
36.4. HRMS (ESI): m/z [M + H]+ calcd
for C13H11F3NO+:
254.0793; found: 254.0796.