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DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1270762
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Effects of Flavonoids on Prostaglandin E2 Production and on COX-2 and mPGES-1 Expressions in Activated Macrophages
Publikationsverlauf
received May 28, 2010
revised January 19, 2011
accepted January 21, 2011
Publikationsdatum:
21. Februar 2011 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/plantamedica/201113/lookinside/thumbnails/10.1055-s-0030-1270762-1.jpg)
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has a central role in inflammation and both cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E synthases are critical enzymes in its synthesis. In inflammation, bacterial products and cytokines enhance the expression of COX-2 and inducible microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) which are functionally coupled to result in increased PGE2 formation in macrophages and tissue cells. In the present study, we systematically investigated the effects of 26 naturally occurring flavonoids on PGE2 production and on COX-2 and mPGES-1 expression in activated macrophages. Twelve flavonoids, i.e., flavone, luteolin-7-glucoside, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, morin, quercetin, naringenin, taxifolin, pelargonidin, daidzein, genistein, and genistin effectively inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–induced PGE2 production. Four flavonoids (flavone, isorhamnetin, daidzein, and genistein) inhibited significantly LPS-induced COX-2 expression, while mPGES-1 expression was downregulated by kaempferol and isorhamnetin. The present study characterizes the effects of flavonoids on PGE2 production and on COX-2 and mPGES-1 expression in activated macrophages. The results add to our knowledge of the anti-inflammatory actions of flavonoids and introduce kaempferol and isorhamnetin as compounds capable of downregulating the expression of mPGES-1.
Key words
flavonoids - prostaglandin E2 - cyclooxygenase-2 - prostaglandin E synthase - inflammation - macrophages
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Prof. Eeva Moilanen
The Immunopharmacology Research Group
School of Medicine
University of Tampere
33014 Tampere
Finland
Telefon: +35 83 35 51 67 41
Fax: +35 83 35 51 80 82
eMail: eeva.moilanen@uta.fi
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