VEGF-Antikörper in der Therapie der Frühgeborenenretinopathie

Zusammenfassung

Die Frühgeborenenretinopathie zählt zu den 3 häufigsten Erblindungsursachen der Kindheit in Industrienationen. Immer weiter verbesserte Möglichkeiten der neonatologischen Versorgung haben zu einer erhöhten Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit immer unreiferer Kinder geführt, die wiederum ein erhöhtes Risiko haben, eine Frühgeborenenretinopathie zu entwickeln. Die bisher etablierte Laserkoagulation in der Therapie der Frühgeborenenretinopathie führt bei einem zeitgerechten Einsatz zu einer guten Rückbildung der pathologischen Gefäßneubildungen und kann dadurch die Entwicklung einer Netzhautablösung verhindern. Die Koagulation der avaskulären Netzhautareale führt jedoch zu einer Vernarbung dieser Netzhautbereiche und unterstützt die weitere Netzhautentwicklung nicht. Seit jüngster Zeit gibt es erste vielversprechende Berichte über den intravitrealen Einsatz von VEGF-Antikörpern bei der Frühgeborenenretinopathie. Die vorliegende Arbeit berichtet über eigene Erfahrungen mit dieser Therapie und möchte einen Überblick über den derzeitigen Stand der Literatur zu diesem Thema geben.

Abstract

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the three leading causes of legal blindness in childhood in the developed countries. Improved neonatal care has resulted in the increased survival of extremely immature infants at high risk to develop ROP. Current treatment for ROP with laser may prevent blindness by causing involution of pathological vessels and thus inhibit the development of retinal detachment. But this coagulation of the avascular retina is a destructive therapy and does not otherwise ameliorate retinal development. Recent reports have described vascular endothelial growth factor antibodies as therapy for ROP. This article reports our own experience with this new therapy and gives an overview of the recent literature.

Schlüsselwörter

Frühgeborenenretinopathie - Anti-VEGF - Bevacizumab - vascular endothelial growth factor

Key words

retinopathy of prematurity - anti-VEGF - bevacizumab - vascular endothelial growth factor

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