Laparoscopic surgery of colorectal malignancies

The minimal invasive technique, due to the undoubted advantages of the method, has become fully accepted in the surgical treatments of the most benign and functional diseases. It has been proven that the laparoscopic technique is safely applicable also in the surgical treatment of colorectal tumors. The authors, analyzing their own and the international experiences, present the laparoscopic surgical treatment of colorectal tumors.

Patients, method: 74 patients were treated with laparoscopic-assisted intestinal resection at the University of Szeged, Department of Surgery between 1st January 2005 and 31st December 2008. The surgical indications were made up of colorectal lesion with neoplastic origin in 45 cases. The average age of them was 64 years (from 36 to 89 years). 4 patients belonged to the risk group of ASA I, 11 patients to ASA II, 24 to ASA III, and one of them to ASA IV.

Results: 26 patients underwent rectosigmoideal resection, 2 of them had rectal exstirpation, 9 patients had right hemicolectomy and in one case left hemicolectomy was performed. There were 4 conversions, and in one case a reoperation (re-laparoscopy) occurred due to adhesion ileus. The beginning of the bowel movement (2,4 days, on average) and the possibility of nourishing per os were significantly shortened. The histological processes of specimens justified tumor-free oral, aboral and circumferential resection in all cases.

Conclusions: summarizing own and international experiences it can be stated that the laparoscopic surgeries performed due to colorectal tumors are safe, and are also appropriate with respect to oncosurgery. There are a number of benefits for the patients mainly in the early postoperative period (faster recovery, shorter hospitalization) and their long-term survival results are also satisfactory.

Keywords: laparoscopy, colorectal tumor, intestinal resection, colorectal lesion, minimal invasive.