Die Impulsoszillometrie (IOS) ist eine computergestützte
Methode zur Messung komplexer mechanischer Eigenschaften der Atemwege. Eine
obstruktive Atemwegserkrankung kann durch die IOS insgesamt sicher
diagnostiziert werden, sofern bei schwerer Obstruktion komplexe IOS-Parameter
wie Frequenzabhängigkeit der Resistance (FDR) und niederfrequente
Reactance (X5) mit einbezogen werden. Die Parameter der Standardverfahren
Pneumotachografie, Spirometrie und Bodyplethysmografie zeigen aufgrund
unterschiedlicher Messprinzipien relativ geringe statistische Korrelationen zur
IOS wie auch bekanntermaßen untereinander, begründet in
unterschiedlichen Messprinzipien. Die IOS ist eine patientenschonende und wenig
kooperationsabhängige Methode zur Evaluierung obstruktiver
Atemwegserkrankungen, die bisherige Standardmethoden sinnvoll ergänzen,
jedoch nicht ersetzen kann und die sich darüber hinaus als sensitives
Screeninginstrument zur frühzeitigen Erkennung einer Bronchialobstruktion
nicht nur in der Pädiatrie und der Arbeitsmedizin eignet.
Abstract
Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a computer supported method for the
measurement of complex mechanical airway characteristics. Bronchial
obstructions can reliably be diagnosed by IOS when more complex parameters such
as frequency dependence of resistance (FDR) and lung reactance (X5) are
evaluated in cases with more severe obstruction. Parameters of conventional
methods like pneumotachography, spirometry, and bodyplethysmography show
relatively low correlations due to the different measurement principles, not
only in comparison to IOS, but also in between one another. The IOS is a
convenient method for patients with a low dependency on cooperation for the
evaluation of obstructive airway diseases complementary to the established
standard methods. Furthermore, IOS may provide a sensitive screening tool for
the early detection of bronchial obstructions not only in paediatrics but also
in occupational medicine.
1 Unserem verehrten klinischen Lehrer Professor Dr. Joachim Schauer
zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.
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