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Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 1996; 104(1): 50-58
DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211422
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© J. A. Barth Verlag in Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Different immunophenotype and autoantibody production by peripheral blood and thyroid-derived lymphocytes in patients with Graves' disease

G. Aust1 , I. Lehmann2 , H.-J. Heberling3
  • 1Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Leipzig, Germany
  • 2Institute of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
  • 3City Hospital Leipzig, Germany
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Publication History

Publication Date:
15 July 2009 (online)

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Summary

Direct multi-colour flow cytometric analysis was employed in patients with Graves' disease (n = 10) to determine the immunophenotype in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) at the time of diagnosis without treatment (PBLw) and prior to operation (PBLp) and in thyroid-derived lymphocytes (TL). Additionally, the secretion of anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies (anti-TPO) was measured during culture of isolated peripheral or thyroid-derived B cells.

Among TL from patients with high serum levels of anti-TPO (6/10) a significantly (p < 0.01) higher percentage of B cells were detected compared to PBLp (TL: 21.7 ± 7.2%; PBLp: 13.2 ± 4.5%). Enriched thyroid-derived B cells only from these patients also showed high spontaneous anti-TPO secretion during culture.

The difference between peripheral and thyroid-derived natural killer (NK) cells was highly significant (p < 0.001; TL: 5.6 ± 6.3%; PBLp: 13.6 ± 5.5%). Two patients were found with a higher number of NK cells within TL. These patients were among those who had a low number of B cells infiltrating the thyroid gland.

Regarding the expression of several other differentiation antigens, i.e. CD4 and CD8, γ/δ TCR bearing T cells and CD45R0 on CD4+ T cells as a marker for memory cells, on TL no differences could be detected between patients with or without anti-TPO. In TL 31.5 ± 7.7% of CD3+ cells expressed the HLA-DR antigen (vs. 6.1 ± 2.4% in PBLp; p < 0.001). Half of these cells simultaneously expressed the activation antigen CD69. Surprisingly, the number of CD3+ TL bearing the II-2 receptor (CD25) and transferrin receptor (CD71) was not increased.

Taken together, the proportional distribution of B and NK cells within the thyroid correlates with the anti-TPO secretion in vivo and in vitro, suggesting different immune response regulation processes of TL.

Key words

Graves' disease - lymphocyte typing - antibody production - activation antigen