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Semin Neurol 2009; 29(1): 085-092
DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1124027
© Thieme Medical Publishers

Disorders of Cranial Nerves IX and X

Audrey B. Erman1 , Alexandra E. Kejner1 , Norman D. Hogikyan1 , Eva L. Feldman2
  • 1Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
  • 2Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Publication History

Publication Date:
12 February 2009 (online)

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ABSTRACT

The glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves mediate the complex interplay between the many functions of the upper aerodigestive tract. Defects may occur anywhere from the brainstem to the peripheral nerve and can result in significant impairment in speech, swallowing, and breathing. Multiple etiologies can produce symptoms. In this review, the authors broadly examine the normal functions, clinical examination, and various pathologies of cranial nerves IX and X.

KEYWORDS

Glossopharyngeal - vagus - cranial nerve disorders - dysphonia - dysphagia

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Eva L FeldmanM.D. Ph.D. 

Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 5017 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place

Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200

Email: efeldman@umich.edu