A multifactorial anti-acne extract for a multifactorial pathogenesis

Acne vulgaris is an exceptionally common, chronic and recurring disorder affecting many adolescents and adults throughout their lifetimes. The pathogenesis of acne is multifactorial and is thought to involve excess sebum, follicular hyperkeratinization, bacterial colonization and inflammation [1]. Myrtle (Myrtus communis L., Myrtaceae) holds an important place in Western culture because of its mythological associations and its medicinal use as an antiseptic and an anti-inflammatory agent. From a phytochemical standpoint, myrtle contains unique compounds, as exemplified by a series of oligomeric nonprenylated phloroglucinols related to myrtucommulone A [2] (structure below).

This compound shows outstanding antibacterial [3] and anti-inflammatory [4] properties, which make us think of the potential anti-acne activity of this plant. The aim of this present study is to investigate the pharmacological activity and chemistry of a new extract of Myrtus communis aerial parts. These results show that this crude extract and isolated Myrtucommulones act on every consequences of acne pathology by inhibiting keratinocyte hyperproliferation, arachidonic acid metabolism, matrix metalloproteinase and the commensal bacteria witch colonize acne lesion, Propionibacterium acnes.

Acknowledgements: B. PIPY, INSERM IFR31 (Toulouse).

References: 1. Webster, G.F. (2005) Cutis. 76:4–7.

2. Appendino, G. et al. (2002)J. Nat. Prod. 65:334–338.

3. Appendino, G. et al. (2006)J. Nat.Prod. 69:251–254.

4. Feiβt, C. et al. (2005)J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 315:389–396.