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Open Access
CC BY 4.0 · SynOpen 2025; 09(04): 302-314
DOI: 10.1055/a-2747-8835
graphical review

Functionalization and Applications of [2.2]Paracyclophanes (PCPs)

Authors

  • Chaoyu Wang‡

    a   Key Laboratory of Fujian Molecular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. of China

  • Hong Zhang‡

    a   Key Laboratory of Fujian Molecular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. of China

  • Lintao Chen

    a   Key Laboratory of Fujian Molecular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. of China

  • Zehan Zhang

    a   Key Laboratory of Fujian Molecular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. of China

  • Yadong Feng

    b   Engineering Research Center of Natural Cosmeceuticals College of Fujian Province, Department of Public Health and Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. of China

  • Xiuling Cui  ∗

    a   Key Laboratory of Fujian Molecular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis of Fujian Universities, Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. of China

This work was supported by Fujian Province (3502ZCQXT2021006), the 111 Project (BC2018061) and the Open Research Fund of Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University (AACCT0007).
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Graphical Abstract

Abstract

[2.2]Paracyclophane (PCP) is as a uniquely molecular scaffold, boasting substantial potential across synthetic chemistry and materials science. In this Graphical Review, recent advances in the functionalization of PCPs according to the type of transition metal employed [Rh(III), Ru(II), Ir(III), Cu(I), Co(II)], alongside their applications as chiral ligands or catalysts in stereoselective synthesis, are systematically summarized.

Key words

[2.2]paracyclophane (PCP) - transition metal - C–H activation - chiral ligand - catalyst


Publication History

Received: 13 October 2025

Accepted after revision: 04 November 2025

Accepted Manuscript online:
13 November 2025

Article published online:
15 December 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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