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Nervenheilkunde 2024; 43(06): 350-356
DOI: 10.1055/a-2305-6591
Schwerpunkt

Postakute Effekte von klassischen Psychedelika

Post-acute effects of classic psychedelics
Ricarda Evens
1   Institut für Psychologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
2   Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
,
Tomislav Majić
3   Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik der Charité im St. Hedwig Krankenhaus, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
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ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Klassische Psychedelika wie Psilocybin oder Lysergsäurediethylamid (LSD) werden seit einigen Jahren wieder als Mittel für die Behandlung psychiatrischer Störungen untersucht. Nach dem Abklingen der akuten psychedelischen Effekte werden typischerweise postakute Effekte beobachtet, die eine entscheidende Rolle für den Einsatz dieser Substanzen als mögliche Therapeutika spielen und sich in subakute und Langzeiteffekte unterteilen lassen. Subakute Effekte umfassen u. a. das psychedelische „Afterglow“-Phänomen, das sich in Wohlbefinden, Gefühlen von Leichtigkeit, einer tieferen Verbundenheit mit sich und einer erhöhten Offenheit für zwischenmenschliche Begegnungen sowie einer Abnahme repetitiver Grübelschleifen äußert. Andererseits können in dieser Zeit aber auch Komplikationen auftreten. So werden in den Tagen nach der Einnahme häufig Kopfschmerzen beschrieben sowie seltener depressive und Angstsymptome, Schlafstörungen, dissoziative Symptome und visuelle Wahrnehmungsstörungen sowie psychotische Syndrome. In manchen Fällen können diese Komplikationen in anhaltende psychische Störungen übergehen, die eine psychiatrisch-psychotherapeutische Versorgung erforderlich machen.

ABSTRACT

Classic psychedelics such as psilocybin or lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) have been re-examined as treatments for various psychiatric disorders in recent years. After the acute psychedelic effects have subsided, post-acute effects are observed, which play a crucial role in the use of these substances as potential therapeutics and can be divided into subacute and long-term effects. Subacute effects include the psychedelic “afterglow” phenomenon, characterized by feelings of well-being, ease, a deeper connection with oneself, increased openness to interpersonal encounters, and a reduction in repetitive rumination loops. Nonetheless, there may be complications during this period. Headaches are frequently described in the days following ingestion, along with less common symptoms such as depressive and anxiety symptoms, sleep disturbances, dissociative symptoms, visual perceptual disturbances, and psychotic syndromes. In some cases, these complications can transition into persistent mental disorders requiring psychiatric-psychotherapeutic care.

Schlüsselwörter

Psilocybin - LSD - Halluzinogene - Afterglow - Nebenwirkungen

Key words

Psilocybin - LSD - hallucinogens - afterglow - side effects


Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
11. Juni 2024

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