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Transfusionsmedizin 2024; 14(01): 17-28
DOI: 10.1055/a-2136-2945
Übersicht

Moderne Methoden der Blutaufbereitung

Modern Methods of Blood Processing
Clemens Boecker
1   DRK Blutspendedienst Baden-Württemberg – Hessen gGmbH, Institut für Transfusionsmedizin und Immunologie, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Deutschland
,
Alexander Giss
2   Blutspendedienst des Bayerischen Roten Kreuzes (BRK), Wiesentheid, Deutschland
,
Matthias Johnsen
3   DRK Blutspendedienst Nord-Ost gGmbH, Institut für Transfusionsmedizin, Dresden, Deutschland
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Zusammenfassung

Vollblutspenden werden nach der Entnahme in Blutspendediensten zu den Blutkomponenten Erythrozytenkonzentrat, Therapeutisches Plasma und Thrombozytenkonzentrat weiterverarbeitet. Die Verarbeitung kann auf verschiedene Weise erfolgen. In diesem Übersichtsartikel erläutern wir die Unterschiede zwischen den beiden weltweit gebräuchlichsten Verfahren, dem Buffy-Coat-Verfahren und dem Plättchen-Reiches-Plasma-Verfahren, und beschreiben das in Deutschland standardgemäß eingesetzte semi-automatisierte Buffy-Coat Verfahren detaillierter. Darüber hinaus werden die verschiedenen Automatisierungsgrade in der Vollblutverarbeitung und die verschiedenen Ansätze zur weiteren Automatisierung beleuchtet. Im Rahmen dessen zeigen wir auf, welche Automatisierungsmaßnahmen in einigen Einrichtungen bereits umgesetzt werden konnten und welche neuen Techniken die weitere Automatisierung in Zukunft entscheidend prägen könnten.

Abstract

After collection, whole blood donations are processed into three blood components at blood donation centers: red blood cell concentrate, therapeutic plasma, and pooled platelet concentrate. Processing can be performed using different methods. In this review, we explain the differences between the two most commonly used methods worldwide, the buffy coat method and the platelet-rich plasma method. Furthermore, we provide a more in-depth description of the semi-automated Buffy Coat method, which is the standard in Germany. We highlight the various levels of automation involved in the processing of whole blood, along with the different approaches to further automating the process. In addition, we show which automation measures have already been implemented in some blood donation centers and which new techniques could have a decisive influence on further automation in the future.

Schlüsselwörter

Vollblutaufbereitungsverfahren - Automatisierungsgrad - Automatisierungsansätze - Robotik - Künstliche Intelligenz

Key words

Whole blood processing methods - degree of automation - automation approaches - robotics - artificial intelligence

Zusätzliches Material



Publication History

Article published online:
19 February 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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