Carbon–Carbon Bond Forming Reactions in Diazines via Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Bond Activation

Abstract

An overview of the key achievements concerning C–C bond-forming processes with diazines (pyridazines, pyrimidines, and pyrazines) and benzodiazines (cinnolines, phthalazines, quinazolines, and quinoxalines) under transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation is presented. The focus is on examples in which C–H functionalization takes place in the diazine or benzodiazine core because of the relevance of these compounds in material science and as active pharmaceutical ingredients. These metal-catalyzed protocols benefit from the biased reactivity of the C–H bonds targeted or from the presence of a rationally designed directing group proximate to the C–H bond to be functionalized. As such, innovative alkylations, alkenylations, alkynylations, arylations, and carboxylations are accomplished within such skeletons in a step- and atom-economy fashion.

1 Introduction

2 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Alkylation of Diazines

3 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Alkynylation of Diazines

4 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Alkenylation of Diazines

5 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Arylation of Diazines

6 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Carboxylation of Diazines

7 Conclusion

Key words

diazines - C–H activation - arylation - alkenylation - alkylation - metal catalyst

Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 22. Mai 2023

Angenommen nach Revision: 20. Juli 2023

Accepted Manuscript online:
20. Juli 2023

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
12. September 2023

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