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DOI: 10.1055/a-2129-5915
Antithrombotische Therapiestrategien in der Atherosklerose
Atherosklerose und ihre Folgen stellen eine wichtige Krankheits- und Todesursache weltweit dar. Je nach Stadium und Risikoprofil der Erkrankung sind daher differenzierte antithrombotische Strategien erforderlich. Ob es sich um Primärprävention oder chronische Atherosklerose handelt – für jeden Patienten muss eine Therapiestrategie gefunden werden, für die eine individuelle Nutzen-Risiko-Abwägung unerlässlich ist.
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Zur Prävention und Therapie der Atherosklerose gehört eine differenzierte antithrombotische Herangehensweise.
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Im chronischen Stadium ist eine plättchenfunktionshemmende Monotherapie ausreichend.
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Nach akuten Ischämien oder Gefäßinterventionen wird eine doppelte Plättchenaggregationshemmung (DAPT) notwendig, deren Dauer von den Begleitumständen abhängt.
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Die Verlängerung oder Intensivierung der DAPT führt zwar zu einer Verschiebung des Verhältnisses von ischämischen gegenüber Blutungsendpunkten, die Sterblichkeit bleibt aber unverändert.
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Die differenzierte Kombinationstherapie aus Plättchenfunktionshemmung und Hemmung der Gerinnungskaskade (DAT) ist in unterschiedlichen Dosierungen entsprechend den jeweiligen klinischen Konstellationen möglich.
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Die niedrigdosierte DAT kommt für Patienten in arteriellen Hochrisikosituationen infrage.
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Die Volldosis-DAT ist dagegen Therapie der Wahl für die ersten 6–12 Monate bei Patienten mit Indikation zur therapeutischen Gerinnungshemmung und zusätzlichen arteriellen Ereignissen wie PCI – ASS ist dann nur noch unmittelbar periinterventionell erforderlich.
Schlüsselwörter
Atherosklerose - antithrombotische Therapie - Plättchenfunktionshemmung - AntikoagulationPublikationsverlauf
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
18. März 2024
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