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Eur J Pediatr Surg 2024; 34(04): 314-318
DOI: 10.1055/a-2127-5672
Original Article

Esophageal Atresia and Gastric Ectopic Pancreas: Is There a Real Association?

Patricia Barila Lompe
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
,
Carlos Gine
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
,
Ana Laín
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
,
Laura Garcia-Martinez
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
,
Maria Diaz Hervas
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
,
Manuel López
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract

Objective Heterotopic pancreas (HP) is a condition in which there is well-differentiated pancreatic tissue that lacks any anatomic or vascular contact with the pancreatic gland. It normally arises from the stomach but can be found in other locations. Although it is usually asymptomatic, obstructive symptoms, bleeding, or malignant degeneration can occur. The incidence is very low, but it is significantly more common in patients with esophageal atresia (EA). The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of HP in patients with and without EA and to compare the results in both groups.

Material and Methods We conducted a 2-year prospective study in pediatric patients who benefited from an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Patients were divided into two groups: group “A” comprised patients with EA and group “B” those without EA. The variables analyzed were the clinical presentation, presence of HP, location, associated malformations, genetic disorders, and management.

Results A total of 192 consecutive patients were included in the study: 51 (26.6%) in group A and 141 (73.4%) in group B. Indications for endoscopy in group B were eosinophilic esophagitis in 37 (19.2%) patients, celiac disease in 23 (11.95%) patients, and other disorders in 81 (42.2%) patients. Gastric HP was found in seven patients, all of them in group A. All lesions were hosted in the prepyloric antrum. The prevalence of HP in groups A and B was 13.7 and 0%, respectively (p < 0.05). Female gender was predominant in patients with AE and HP, this result being statistically significant (p = 0.044). No other associated malformation or genetic syndrome studied showed association with HP. Only one patient debuted with upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and required excision, while six patients were asymptomatic. The mean follow-up was 54 months (range: 45–78 months).

Conclusion The incidence of gastric HP is more common in patients with EA, with the female gender being a risk factor for their association. Active search and follow-up is recommended as it may become symptomatic anytime and need resection.

Keywords

ectopic pancreas - heterotopic pancreas - esophageal atresia - gastrointestinal bleeding


Publication History

Received: 17 March 2023

Accepted: 10 July 2023

Accepted Manuscript online:
12 July 2023

Article published online:
29 September 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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