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Planta Med 2023; 89(13): 1215-1228
DOI: 10.1055/a-2117-9426
Biological and Pharmacological Activity
Original Papers

Anthelmintic Activities of Extract and Ellagitannins from Phyllanthus urinaria against Caenorhabditis elegans and Zoonotic or Animal Parasitic Nematodes

Jonathan Jato
1   University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Münster, Germany
2   Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumasi, Ghana
5   University of Health and Allied Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Ho, Ghana
7   University of Münster, Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Münster, Germany
,
Patrick Waindok
3   University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, Hannover, Germany
,
François Ngnodandi Belga François Ngnodandi
4   University of Ngaoundere, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
,
Emmanuel Orman
1   University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Münster, Germany
5   University of Health and Allied Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Ho, Ghana
,
Christian Agyare
2   Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumasi, Ghana
,
Emelia Oppong Bekoe
6   University of Ghana, College of Health Science, School of Pharmacy, Accra, Ghana
,
Christina Strube   *
3   University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, Hannover, Germany
,
Andreas Hensel    *
1   University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Münster, Germany
,
Eva Liebau   *
7   University of Münster, Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Münster, Germany
,
Verena Spiegler   *
1   University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Münster, Germany
› InstitutsangabenGefördert durch: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 423277515; HE1642/12-1
Gefördert durch: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 423277515; LI 793/16-1
Gefördert durch: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 423277515; STR 1171/17-1
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Abstract

The aerial parts of Phyllanthus urinaria are used in traditional medicine in West Africa against helminthiasis, but their anthelmintic potential has not been evaluated until now. Within the current study, a hydroacetonic extract (AWE) and fractions and isolated ellagitannins from P. urinaria were, therefore, tested in vitro against Caenorhabditis elegans and the larvae of the animal parasites Toxocara canis, Ascaris suum, Ancylostoma caninum, and Trichuris suis. Compounds 1 – 13, mainly representing ellagitannins, were isolated using different chromatographic methods, and their structures were elucidated by HR-MS and 1H/13C-NMR. AWE exerted concentration-dependent lethal effects (LC50 of 2.6 mg/mL) against C. elegans and inhibited larval migration of all animal parasites tested (T. suis L1 IC50 24.3 µg/mL, A. suum L3 IC50 35.7 µg/mL, A. caninum L3 IC50 112.8 µg/mL, T. canis L3 IC50 1513.2 µg/mL). The anthelmintic activity of AWE was mainly related to the polar, tannin-containing fractions. Geraniin 1, the major ellagitannin in the extract, showed the strongest anthelmintic activity in general (IC50 between 0.6 and 804 µM, depending on parasite species) and was the only compound active against A. caninum (IC50 of 35.0 µM). Furosin 9 was least active despite structural similarities to 1. Among the parasites tested, Trichuris suis L1 larvae turned out to be most sensitive with IC50 of 0.6, 6.4, 4.0, 4.8, and 2.6 µM for geraniin 1, repandusinic acid A 3, punicafolin 8, furosin 9, and phyllanthusiin A 10, respectively.

Key words

Phyllanthus urinaria - Phyllanthaceae - nematodes - ellagitannins - geraniin

* Contributed equally, shared senior authorship.


Supporting Information

    Supplementary data indicate details of the fractionation procedure and of the plant material.

  • Ergänzendes Material


Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 17. März 2023

Angenommen nach Revision: 20. Juni 2023

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
17. Juli 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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